Are corresponding points fixed?
Are corresponding points fixed?
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DOI：
10.1016/s0042-6989(01)00137-7
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发表时间：
2001-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Banks, MS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hillis, JM;Banks, MS
一些研究者声称，视网膜上相应点的坐标随着聚散眼球运动而变化。据报道，有两种变化。首先，随着视网膜偏心率的增加而增加的全局偏移：这种偏移将导致在所有观看距离处的双眼单视界的平坦化，并且将促进平坦表面的融合。第二，以中央凹为中心的局部移位;这样的移位会在近注视点处引起双眼单视界中的凹陷，并且会促进在极端观看距离处注视的点的融合。几乎所有支持对应点移位的经验证据都来自双眼单视界测量和主观与客观注视差异的比较。两种情况都是。实验者必须从外部测量推断相应点的视网膜坐标。我们描述了四个可能影响这种推断的因素：（1）伴随眼睛旋转和调节的从物体到图像点的投影变化，（2）实验测量期间的固定误差，（3）不均匀的视网膜拉伸，以及（4）当单眼点与双眼点相邻时，单眼点的感知方向的变化。我们进行了两个实验，消除或补偿这些潜在的错误。在第一个实验中，观察者使用消除了除第三个错误之外的所有错误的装置和程序来对齐二歧性测试线。在第二个实验中，观察者判断的双视残像的对齐，这种技术消除了所有的错误。两个实验的结果都表明，对应点的视网膜坐标不随聚散眼球运动而改变。我们得出的结论是，对于视网膜对应正常的观察者来说，对应点位于固定的视网膜位置。(C)2001爱思唯尔科技有限公司版权所有。
Several investigators have claimed that the retinal coordinates of corresponding points shift with vergence eye movements. Two kinds of shifts have been reported. First, global shifts that increase with retinal eccentricity: such shifts would cause a flattening of the horopter at all viewing distances and would facilitate fusion of flat surfaces. Second, local shifts that are centered on the fovea; such shifts would cause a dimple in the horopter near fixation and would facilitate fusion of points fixated at extreme viewing distances. Nearly all of the empirical evidence supporting shifts of corresponding points comes from horopter measurements and from comparisons of subjective and objective fixation disparity. In both cases. the experimenter must infer the retinal coordinates of corresponding points from external measurements. We describe four factors that could affect this inference: (1) changes in the projection from object to image points that accompany eye rotation and accommodation, (2) fixation errors during the experimental measurements, (3) non-uniform retinal stretching, and (4) changes in the perceived direction of a monocular point when presented adjacent to a binocular point. We conducted two experiments that eliminated or compensated for these potential errors. In the first experiment., observers aligned dichoptic test lines using an apparatus and procedure that eliminated all but the third error. In the second experiment, observers judged the alignment of dichoptic afterimages, and this technique eliminates all the errors. The results from both experiments show that the retinal coordinates of corresponding points do not change with vergence eye movements. We conclude that corresponding points are in fixed retinal positions for observers with normal retinal correspondence. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.