Exercise Participation in Adolescents and Their Parents: Evidence for Genetic and Generation Specific Environmental Effects
Exercise Participation in Adolescents and Their Parents: Evidence for Genetic and Generation Specific Environmental Effects
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DOI：
10.1007/s10519-010-9415-4
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发表时间：
2011-03-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Boomsma, Dorret I.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
De Moor, Marleen H. M.;Willemsen, Gonneke;Boomsma, Dorret I.
青少年运动行为的个体差异在很大程度上是由共同的环境因素解释的。本研究的目的是探讨这种共享环境在多大程度上代表了父母对其后代的文化传播、世代特定的环境影响或选型交配的影响。关于闲暇时运动行为的调查数据来自荷兰双胞胎登记处登记的 1,736 个家庭的 3,525 名青少年双胞胎及其兄弟姐妹（13-18 岁）以及 3,138 名父母。还提供了 5,471 名成年双胞胎的数据，他们的兄弟姐妹和配偶的年龄与父母相似。运动参与（否/是，使用 4 个代谢当量和每周 60 分钟的截止标准）基于运动类型、频率和持续时间的问题。开发了一个模型来分析来自双胞胎、兄弟姐妹和父母的二分数据，包括跨性别和代际的方差分解差异。来自成年双胞胎及其配偶的数据被用来调查选型交配的原因（由于表型选型，配偶之间的相关性 = 0.41）。成年一代的运动遗传率估计为 42%。青少年运动行为的共同环境主要代表了特定世代的共同环境影响，这在解释女孩的家庭聚集性方面似乎比男孩更重要（52％对41％）。仅发现男孩受到垂直文化传播的影响较小（3%）。运动行为的剩余家族聚集性可以通过附加遗传因素来解释（男孩为 42%，女孩为 36%）。未来对青少年运动行为的研究应侧重于识别该代人特定的环境因素。
Individual differences in adolescent exercise behavior are to a large extent explained by shared environmental factors. The aim of this study was to explore to what extent this shared environment represents effects of cultural transmission of parents to their offspring, generation specific environmental effects or assortative mating. Survey data on leisure-time exercise behavior were available from 3,525 adolescent twins and their siblings (13-18 years) and 3,138 parents from 1,736 families registered at the Netherlands Twin Registry. Data were also available from 5,471 adult twins, their siblings and spouses similar in age to the parents. Exercise participation (No/Yes, using a cut-off criterion of 4 metabolic equivalents and 60 min weekly) was based on questions on type, frequency and duration of exercise. A model to analyze dichotomous data from twins, siblings and parents including differences in variance decomposition across sex and generation was developed. Data from adult twins and their spouses were used to investigate the causes of assortative mating (correlation between spouses = 0.41, due to phenotypic assortment). The heritability of exercise in the adult generation was estimated at 42%. The shared environment for exercise behavior in adolescents mainly represents generation specific shared environmental influences that seem somewhat more important in explaining familial clustering in girls than in boys (52 versus 41%). A small effect of vertical cultural transmission was found for boys only (3%). The remaining familial clustering for exercise behavior was explained by additive genetic factors (42% in boys and 36% in girls). Future studies on adolescent exercise behavior should focus on identification of the generation specific environmental factors.