Localization of helium around microscopic impurities in liquid helium
Localization of helium around microscopic impurities in liquid helium
复制标题
液氦中微观杂质周围氦的局域化
DOI：
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发表时间：
2000
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
A. Shestakov
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
E. Gordon;A. Shestakov
本文研究了杂质原子Im在液氦中所处环境的结构和性质。它表明，有两种性质不同类型的结构层的氦原子最接近Im：结构的特点是吸引力和排斥。在具有中心吸引力的结构中（对于强的Im-He相互作用），Im-He距离大于Im-He对势的平衡距离，并且氦原子的密度和局域化大于体中。在这里，层中氦原子的数量n几乎与外部压力无关。在排斥的结构中，存在碱金属原子，Im-He距离短于平衡距离，而密度低于散装氦。对于T <$1 K，几个不同n的态被填充，能量仅相差<$0.1 K，并且n随着压力的增加而显著减小。在此分析的基础上，给出了一个解释……
The structure and properties of the environment of impurity atoms Im immersed in liquid helium are examined. It is demonstrated that there are two qualitatively different types of structure of the layer of helium atoms nearest to Im: structures characterized by attraction and repulsion. In the structures with attraction toward the center (for strong Im–He interaction) the Im–He distance is greater than the equilibrium distance for the Im–He pair potential, and the density and localization of helium atoms are greater than in the bulk. Here the number of helium atoms n in the layer is almost independent of the external pressure. In structures with repulsion, which exist for alkali metal atoms, the Im–He distances are shorter than the equilibrium ones, while the density is lower than in bulk helium. For T∼1 K several states with different n are populated, with energies differing only by ∼0.1 K, and n decreases substantially as the pressure is increased. On the basis of this analysis an interpretation is give...