Espin overexpression causes stereocilia defects and provides an anti-capping effect on actin polymerization.

Espin overexpression causes stereocilia defects and provides an anti-capping effect on actin polymerization.
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DOI:
10.1002/cm.21719
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发表时间:
2022-06
期刊:
Cytoskeleton (Hoboken, N.J.)
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其他
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静纤毛是毛细胞的基于肌动蛋白的突起,其以阶梯状阵列排列,高度增加,并且构成用于听觉和平衡感的机械感觉细胞器。为了正常发挥功能,静纤毛必须在不同类型的毛细胞中达到精确的大小,并且必须协调地形成具有不同长度的不同行。Espin是肌动蛋白捆绑蛋白,在静纤毛形成中具有良好的特征性作用; Espin功能缺失突变导致jerker小鼠的静纤毛缩短和耳聋。在这里,我们描述了Espin过表达转基因小鼠品系的产生,其导致第一行静纤毛较长和第二行静纤毛长度不协调。此外,Espin过表达导致其他静纤毛因子包括GNAI 3、GPSM 2、EPS 8、WHRN和MYO 15 A的失调,揭示GNAI 3和GPSM 2与静纤毛过度生长相关。最后,使用体外肌动蛋白聚合试验,我们表明espin提供了一种抗加帽功能,该功能需要G-肌动蛋白结合WH 2结构域以及C-末端F-肌动蛋白结合结构域或内部xAB肌动蛋白结合结构域。我们的研究结果提供了一个新的功能,在肌动蛋白丝的倒刺末端的Espins不同于其以前已知的功能,肌动蛋白捆绑,可能占静纤毛生长的影响。
Stereocilia are actin‐based projections of hair cells that are arranged in a step like array, in rows of increasing height, and that constitute the mechanosensory organelle used for the senses of hearing and balance. In order to function properly, stereocilia must attain precise sizes in different hair cell types and must coordinately form distinct rows with varying lengths. Espins are actin‐bundling proteins that have a well‐characterized role in stereocilia formation; loss of function mutations in Espin result in shorter stereocilia and deafness in the jerker mouse. Here we describe the generation of an Espin overexpressing transgenic mouse line that results in longer first row stereocilia and discoordination of second‐row stereocilia length. Furthermore, Espin overexpression results in the misregulation of other stereocilia factors including GNAI3, GPSM2, EPS8, WHRN, and MYO15A, revealing that GNAI3 and GPSM2 are dispensable for stereocilia overgrowth. Finally, using an in vitro actin polymerization assay we show that espin provides an anti‐capping function that requires both the G‐actin binding WH2 domain as well as either the C‐terminal F‐actin binding domain or the internal xAB actin‐binding domain. Our results provide a novel function for Espins at the barbed ends of actin filaments distinct from its previous known function of actin bundling that may account for their effects on stereocilia growth.
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