Effects of frost during grain filling on wheat yield and grain structure
Effects of frost during grain filling on wheat yield and grain structure
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DOI：
10.1080/01140671.1998.9514065
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发表时间：
1998-12-01
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
Boddington, HJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cromey, MG;Wright, DSC;Boddington, HJ
1995年11月，新西兰南部地区发生了一次晚霜，许多冬小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）农作物处于早期灌浆期，并导致大量保险索赔的霜冻损失。在这项研究中，霜冻损害的特点。受影响作物的穗从基部的0.5到三分之二急剧减少。在受影响的穗的上部，谷物轻了80%。在受影响的作物中，霜冻造成的总产量损失在13%至33%之间。将颗粒切片并用扫描电子显微镜检查。而在健康的谷物中，构成果皮和种皮的层被压缩，在结霜的谷物中，这些层包括松散压缩和非结构化的细胞网络。糊粉层在霜冻中比在正常谷粒中更不有序，并且不总是容易与淀粉质胚乳区分开。复水的霜冻谷物伴随着果皮和种皮细胞的扩张，而很少发生在正常的谷物细胞扩张。起泡在结霜的谷物中是常见的，其中外层与果皮的其余部分分离。
A late frost occurred in the Southland region of New Zealand in November 1995 when many winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) crops were at early grain fill, and resulted in a large number of insurance claims for frost damage. In this study, frost damage was characterised. Spikes in affected crops were sharply tapered from a point half to two-thirds from their bases. Grains were as much as 80% lighter in upper parts of affected spikes. Overall yield losses as a result of frost of between 13 and 33% were calculated in affected crops. Grains were sectioned and examined with a scanning electron microscope. Whereas in healthy grains, the layers making up the pericarp and testa were compressed, in frosted grains these layers comprised loosely compressed and unstructured networks of cells. The aleurone layer was less ordered in frosted than in normal grains, and was not always readily distinguished from the starchy endosperm. Rehydration of frosted grains was accompanied by expansion of pericarp and testa cells, whereas little cell expansion occurred in normal grains. Blisters were common in frosted grains, where the outer layers were detached from the remainder of the pericarp.