The effects of sloped surfaces on locomotion: An electromyo graphic analysis
The effects of sloped surfaces on locomotion: An electromyo graphic analysis
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jbiomech.2006.05.023
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发表时间：
2007-01-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Gregor, Robert J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lay, Andrea N.;Hass, Chris J.;Gregor, Robert J.
使用四足动物进行的研究表明，用于斜坡行走的运动程序与用于水平行走的运动程序不同。这一想法还没有在人类身上得到探索。这项研究的目的是使用在水平和斜面行走时获得的肌电(EMG)信号来补充先前发表的关节角度和关节力矩数据，以阐明此类控制策略。9名健康志愿者分别在5个年级(-39%、-15%、0%、+15%、+39%)的仪表化坡道上行走。记录8条小腿肌肉(臀大肌(GM)、股直肌(RF)、股内侧肌(Vm)、股二头肌(BF)、半膜肌(SM)、比目鱼肌(SOL)、腓肠肌内侧(MG)和胫骨前肌(TA))的单侧肌电活动。计算每次试验中每次发作的发作时间、持续时间和平均活动度。然后，每个年级和受试者的突发特征被平均，并提交给重复测量ANOVAS来评估年级的效果(α=0.05，先验)。在上坡行走过程中，能量产生增加，大多数肌肉的平均活动和爆发持续时间也增加。在这种情况下，肌肉活动模式的变化不能基于关节力矩的变化来预测，因为双关节肌肉作为拮抗剂被激活。在下坡行走过程中，力量吸收增加，膝关节伸肌活动(平均和持续时间)和踝关节屈肌活动的持续时间也增加。这项任务中肌肉活动的变化与关节力矩的变化直接相关。总而言之，这些数据表明，神经系统使用不同的控制策略来成功地在斜坡上移动，而关节功率需求是决定这些控制策略的重要因素。(C)2006爱思唯尔有限公司。保留所有权利。
Investigations using quadrupeds have suggested that the motor programs used for slope walking differ from that used for level walking. This idea has not yet been explored in humans. The aim of this study was to use electromyographic (EMG) signals obtained during level and slope walking to complement previously published joint angle and joint moment data in elucidating such control strategies. Nine healthy volunteers walked on an instrumented ramp at each of five grades (-39%, -15%, 0%, + 15%, +39%). EMG activity was recorded unilaterally from eight lower limb muscles (gluteus maximus (GM), rectus femoris (RF), vastus medialis (VM), biceps femoris (BF), semimembranosus (SM), soleus (Sol), medial gastrocnemius (MG), and tibialis anterior (TA)). The burst onset, duration, and mean activity were calculated for each burst in every trial. The burst characteristics were then averaged within each grade and subject and submitted to repeated measures ANOVAs to assess the effect of grade (alpha = 0.05, a priori). Power production increased during upslope walking, as did the mean activity and burst durations of most muscles. In this case, the changes in muscle activity patterns were not predictable based on the changes in joint moments because of the activation of biarticular muscles as antagonists. During downslope walking power absorption increased, as did knee extensor activity (mean and duration) and the duration of the ankle plantartflexor activity. The changes in muscle activity during this task were directly related to the changes in joint moments. Collectively these data suggest that the nervous system uses different control strategies to successfully locomote on slopes, and that joint power requirements are an important factor in determining these control strategies. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.