Landscape genetic approaches in conservation biology and management
Landscape genetic approaches in conservation biology and management
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保护生物学和管理中的景观遗传学方法
DOI：
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
N. Balkenhol
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Sommer;Allan D. Mcdevitt;N. Balkenhol
景观遗传学是一个综合研究领域，结合了群体遗传学、景观生态学和空间统计学的方法（Manel 等人，2003 年；Storfer 等人，2007 年）。它试图通过量化景观特征、遗传多样性和空间遗传结构之间的关系来了解生态和环境约束对遗传变异的影响。由于分子实验室技术、环境数据采集和空间分析方法的最新进展，可以以有意义的方式将景观和遗传数据联系起来，该领域正在迅速发展（Storfer et al. 2010）。综合方法可以评估景观组成、配置和基质质量对自然种群中性和适应性遗传变异的空间分布以及相关微进化过程的影响（Holderegger 和 Wagner 2008；Balkenhol 等人 2009；Manel 等人 2010；Segelbacher 等人 2010；Epperson 等人 2010）。这种理解对于促进进化生态学和遗传学研究至关重要，而且对于受威胁或濒危动植物物种的应用管理和保护也具有巨大潜力（Sork 和 Waits 2010）。它使我们能够识别减少基因流动或遗传多样性的人为障碍的影响，并预测拟议的管理替代方案和特定保护区和走廊设计对遗传变异和种群连通性的长期影响（Storfer等，2007）。本期特刊包含 23 篇文章，涵盖景观遗传学研究的不同方面。它涵盖了最新的概念发展、研究设计和抽样考虑，并说明了综合景观遗传方法在植物、无脊椎动物和脊椎动物不同分类水平的实证应用中的有用性和重要性。
Landscape genetics is an integrative field of research that combines approaches from population genetics, landscape ecology, and spatial statistics (Manel et al. 2003; Storfer et al. 2007). It seeks to understand the influence of ecological and environmental constraints on genetic variation by quantifying the relationship between landscape features, genetic diversity and spatial genetic structure. The field is developing rapidly due to recent advances in molecular laboratory technologies, environmental data acquisition, and spatial analytical methods that can relate landscape and genetic data in meaningful ways (Storfer et al. 2010). The integrated approach allows an assessment of the impact of landscape composition, configuration, and matrix quality on the spatial distribution of neutral and adaptive genetic variation and associated microevolutionary processes across natural populations (Holderegger and Wagner 2008; Balkenhol et al. 2009; Manel et al. 2010; Segelbacher et al. 2010; Epperson et al. 2010). This understanding is crucial in order to promote research in evolutionary ecology and genetics, but also has tremendous potential for applied management and conservation of threatened or endangered plant and animal species (Sork and Waits 2010). It allows us to identify the effects of anthropogenic barriers that reduce gene flow or genetic diversity, and to predict the long-term effects of proposed management alternatives and specific reserve and corridor designs on genetic variation and population connectivity (Storfer et al. 2007). This special issue includes 23 contributions spanning different aspects of landscape genetic research. It covers recent conceptual developments, study design and sampling considerations, and illustrates the usefulness and importance of integrated landscape genetic approaches in empirical applications to different taxonomic levels in plants, invertebrates and vertebrates.