Increasing women in leadership in global health.
Increasing women in leadership in global health.
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DOI：
10.1097/acm.0000000000000369
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发表时间：
2014-08
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Fitzgerald DW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Downs JA;Reif LK;Hokororo A;Fitzgerald DW
在全球范围内，由于在获得基本医疗保健、营养和教育方面的不平等，妇女承受着不成比例的疾病和死亡负担。面对这种差距，令人震惊的是，全球卫生领域的领导力高度偏向于男性，而且全球卫生组织在其领导层中忽视了性别平等问题。随机试验表明，在政府组织中担任领导职务的女性实施的政策与男性不同，而且这些政策更支持妇女和儿童。其他研究表明，采取积极干预措施来提高企业或政府领导职位中女性的比例可能会取得成功。因此，作者断言，增强女性在全球卫生领域的领导力不仅是可行的，也是解决妇女健康问题的根本步骤。在本文中，作者将在职业生涯早期对学术全球健康感兴趣的年轻女性学员的高比例与成功晋升为全球健康领导角色的女性比例较低进行了对比。作者随后探讨了全球卫生领域女性流失的原因，并提出了缩小全球卫生领导力性别差距的实用策略。作者提出了旨在提升资源富裕国家和资源贫乏国家女性领导者的解决方案，包括领导力培训补助金、全球职业女性领导者的指导、加强资源贫乏国家的健康教育、研究支持补助金以及改变制度政策以支持妇女选择全球健康职业道路。
Globally, women experience a disproportionate burden of disease and death due to inequities in access to basic health care, nutrition, and education. In the face of this disparity, it is striking that leadership in the field of global health is highly skewed towards men and that global health organizations neglect the issue of gender equality in their own leadership. Randomized trials demonstrate that women in leadership positions in governmental organizations implement different policies than men and that these policies are more supportive of women and children. Other studies show that proactive interventions to increase the proportion of women in leadership positions within businesses or government can be successful. Therefore, the authors assert that increasing female leadership in global health is both feasible and a fundamental step towards addressing the problem of women’s health. In this article, the authors contrast the high proportion of young female trainees who are interested in academic global health early in their careers with the low numbers of women successfully rising to global health leadership roles. The authors subsequently explore reasons for female attrition from the field of global health and offer practical strategies for closing the gender gap in global health leadership. The authors propose solutions aimed to promote female leaders from both resource-wealthy and resource-poor countries, including leadership training grants, mentorship from female leaders in global professions, strengthening health education in resource-poor countries, research-enabling grants, and altering institutional policies to support women choosing a global health career path.