Ovarian aging: mechanisms and intervention strategies.
Ovarian aging: mechanisms and intervention strategies.
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DOI：
10.1515/mr-2022-0031
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发表时间：
2022-12
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Liu, Lin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Zhu, Zhengmao;Xu, Wanxue;Liu, Lin
卵巢储备对于生育能力至关重要，并影响女性的健康老龄化。高龄产妇与卵母细胞数量和质量的逐渐丧失相关。卵巢衰老的分子机制和各种影响因素已被揭示。在这篇综述中，我们强调了衰老过程中影响卵母细胞数量和质量的一些关键因素。出生时的生殖细胞和卵泡储备决定了雌性哺乳动物的生殖寿命和绝经时间。卵巢储备加速减少会导致卵巢过早老化或功能不全。随着年龄的增长，卵母细胞质量较差可能是由于染色体凝聚力恶化和染色体错位、端粒缩短、DNA 损伤和相关基因突变、氧化应激、线粒体功能障碍和表观遗传改变造成的。我们还讨论了延缓卵巢衰老的干预策略。讨论了抗氧化剂的免疫疗法对抗生殖衰老和线粒体疗法的功效。功能性卵母细胞和卵巢样体可以由多能干细胞或体细胞恢复活力。我们提出未来干预措施的方向。随着世界范围内越来越多的夫妇开始推迟生育，了解女性生殖衰老过程中的分子机制和潜在的干预策略可能有利于女性尽早就生殖健康做出选择。
Ovarian reserve is essential for fertility and influences healthy aging in women. Advanced maternal age correlates with the progressive loss of both the quantity and quality of oocytes. The molecular mechanisms and various contributing factors underlying ovarian aging have been uncovered. In this review, we highlight some of critical factors that impact oocyte quantity and quality during aging. Germ cell and follicle reserve at birth determines reproductive lifespan and timing the menopause in female mammals. Accelerated diminishing ovarian reserve leads to premature ovarian aging or insufficiency. Poor oocyte quality with increasing age could result from chromosomal cohesion deterioration and misaligned chromosomes, telomere shortening, DNA damage and associated genetic mutations, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and epigenetic alteration. We also discuss the intervention strategies to delay ovarian aging. Both the efficacy of senotherapies by antioxidants against reproductive aging and mitochondrial therapy are discussed. Functional oocytes and ovarioids could be rejuvenated from pluripotent stem cells or somatic cells. We propose directions for future interventions. As couples increasingly begin delaying parenthood in life worldwide, understanding the molecular mechanisms during female reproductive aging and potential intervention strategies could benefit women in making earlier choices about their reproductive health.