Mechanisms of motor learning mediated by synaptic plasticity in rat primary motor cortex
Mechanisms of motor learning mediated by synaptic plasticity in rat primary motor cortex
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.neures.2017.09.008
复制
发表时间：
2018-03-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Mitsushima, Dai
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kida, Hiroyuki;Mitsushima, Dai
运动技能训练诱导初级运动皮层（M1）树突棘的长时程增强（LTP）和结构可塑性。然而，很少有人知道个别M1神经元的可塑性。最近在研究中使用1-2天训练的加速转子杆任务评估了啮齿动物的熟练运动协调。利用该模型，我们研究了运动训练对M1中II/III层神经元AMPA受体介导的兴奋性突触和GABA（A）受体介导的抑制性突触的影响。一天的运动训练加强了AMPA受体介导的兴奋性突触，并大大降低了突触前GABA释放的概率。两天的训练进一步加强了AMPA受体介导的兴奋性突触以及NMDA受体，并增加了突触前谷氨酸的释放，同时也恢复了突触前GABA的释放概率。本文就运动训练后海马神经元和GABA能神经元的可塑性以及内在可塑性的动态变化作一综述。(C)2017 Elsevier爱尔兰有限公司和日本神经科学学会。All rights reserved.
Motor skill training induces long-term potentiation (LTP) and structural plasticity at dendritic spines in the primary motor cortex (M1). However, little is known about the plasticity of individual M1 neurons. Skilled motor coordination in rodents was recently assessed in studies using an accelerated rotor rod task with 1-2 days of training. Using this model, we investigated the effects of motor training on both AMPA receptor-mediated excitatory synapses and GABA(A) receptor-mediated inhibitory synapses in layer II/III neurons in the M1. One day of the motor training strengthened AMPA receptor-mediated excitatory synapses and drastically reduced presynaptic GABA release probability. Two days of the training further strengthened AMPA receptor-mediated excitatory synapses as well as NMDA receptors, and increased presynaptic glutamate release while also restoring presynaptic GABA release probability. In this review, we discuss the dynamic changes observed in both glutamatergic and GABAergic plasticity as well as intrinsic plasticity after the training. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ireland Ltd and Japan Neuroscience Society. All rights reserved.