The effectiveness of 'shared space' residential street interventions on self-reported activity levels and quality of life for older people
The effectiveness of 'shared space' residential street interventions on self-reported activity levels and quality of life for older people
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DOI：
10.1016/j.landurbplan.2015.02.019
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发表时间：
2015-07-01
影响因子：
9.1
通讯作者：
Aspinall, Peter
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Curl, Angela;Thompson, Catharine Ward;Aspinall, Peter
建筑环境在促进身体活动方面的作用是公认的。然而，缺乏对建筑环境变化对活动水平和生活质量影响的纵向研究，特别是对老年人而言。本文展示了对住宅街道的“家园区”风格变化的纵向研究结果，旨在通过减少车辆交通的主导地位和创造共享空间，使街道更“宜居”。干预措施的重点是贫困地区，这些变化遵循了包容性的、社区主导的方法。干预位点与未接受干预的对照位点相匹配。虽然对家庭区域类型干预措施结果的现有研究往往侧重于具体措施，如道路伤亡或交通速度，但本研究考察了更广泛的、自我报告的行为（即活动水平和观念）、健康和生活质量结果。结果收集于2008年干预前，然后在2010年或2011年对65岁及以上的参与者进行干预后。他们表明，干预措施与在离家不远的街道上行走的容易程度的认知显著改善有关。参与者还认为他们在干预后明显更加活跃。然而，在健康、生活质量、户外活动频率、户外活动时间或更好的社会联系方面的积极变化证据较少。一个潜在的原因是，实施后需要更长的时间才能显现出这些成果。(C) 2015 Elsevier B.V.版权所有
The role of the built environment in facilitating physical activity is well recognised. However, longitudinal studies into the effects of changes to the built environment on levels of activity and quality of life outcomes are lacking, especially for older people. This paper presents results from a longitudinal study of 'home zone' style changes to residential streets, designed to make streets more 'liveable' by reducing the dominance of vehicular traffic and creating shared space. The interventions were focused in deprived areas, where the changes followed an inclusive, community-led approach. The intervention sites were matched with comparison sites receiving no intervention. Whilst existing studies into the outcomes of home zone type interventions have tended to focus on tangible measures such as road casualties or traffic speeds, this study examines broader, self-reported behavioural (i.e. activity levels and perceptions), health and quality of life outcomes. Results were gathered pre-intervention in 2008 and then, post-intervention, in 2010 or 2011 for participants aged 65 or older. They show that interventions are associated with a significant improvement in perceptions of how easy it is to walk on the street near home. Participants also considered that they were significantly more active post-intervention. However, there was less evidence of positive change in health, quality of life, frequency of activities outdoors, time spent outdoors, or better social connectedness. One potential reason is that a greater time period post-implementation is needed for such outcomes to become manifest. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.