Multi-keV x-ray radiator from titanium cylindrical cavity at the Shenguang-III prototype laser facility
Multi-keV x-ray radiator from titanium cylindrical cavity at the Shenguang-III prototype laser facility
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神光三号原型激光装置的钛圆柱腔的多 keV X 射线辐射器
DOI：
10.1063/5.0033096
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发表时间：
2021-06
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gang Xiong;Jiyan Zhang;Xingsen Che;Bo Qing;Zhiyu Zhang;Zhichao Li;Bo Yu;Yuxue Zhang;Zhimin Hu;Hang Zhao;Minxi Wei;Zheng Yuan;Yang Zhao;Guohong Yang;Tianming Song;Rongqing Yi;Yimeng Yang;Chengwu Huang;Tuo Zhu;Yukun Li;Min Lv;Yan Zhao;Junwen Gao;Xiayu Zan;L
在过去的几十年里，人们为利用薄金属圆柱腔制造明亮的k壳源做出了巨大的努力。钛（Ti）、铁等几种金属材料主要在OMEGA和NIF激光设备上进行了高x射线转换效率的测试。最近，在神光三号原型激光设备上，以~ 5 kJ的激光能量研究了Ti - k -壳跃迁能量范围内的x射线源。实验的目的是重现之前在欧米茄的实验，但使用了一个非常小的圆柱形腔和详细的x射线源特征。腔体直径为800 μm，腔体长度为800 μm，腔体为30 μm厚的塑料管，支撑1 μm厚的钛。7束激光聚焦到直径200 μm。小腔体和聚焦光斑的结合是为了在有限的激光能量下提高电子温度，因为电子温度是提高x射线转换效率的关键问题。采用汤姆逊散射实验探测了特定时间和空间区域的电子温度以及由Ti k -壳层谱得到的平均温度。通过辐射流体力学模拟，预测了电子温度和密度的演变。x射线源图像的俯视图和两个光子能带提供了一种直接观察等离子体向腔轴运动的方法，并区分了Ti - k壳层和低能量x射线之间的不同发射机制。利用6个位于不同角度的高能x射线探测器记录了Ti - k -壳层的x射线发射，并证明了其各向同性特征。比较了腔体与平面靶体在4 keV以上和4 keV以下光子能量区x射线辐射强度的时间演化、角度分布和总产额等特征。显然，两个光子能量区域和两种类型的目标之间存在不同的行为。在Ti k -壳层（4 - 7 keV）和<4 keV范围内，在4 π sr中，Ti圆柱体的x射线转换效率分别为~ 4%和~ 21%。本实验得到的Ti k -壳层转换效率介于13.5和4.5 kJ激光能量驱动下的转换效率之间。
Great efforts have been made to create a bright K-shell source using the thin metal cylindrical cavities in the past few decades. Several metal materials such as titanium (Ti), iron, and so on have been tested for high x-ray conversion efficiency mainly at the OMEGA and NIF laser facilities. Recently, x-ray sources in Ti K-shell transition energy range were investigated at the Shenguang-III prototype laser facility with ∼5 kJ laser energy. The experiments were aimed to reproduce the previous ones at OMEGA, but with an extraordinarily small volume of cylindrical cavity and detailed characterizations of the x-ray source. The cavities were 800 μm inner diameter, 800 μm length, and 30 μm thick plastic tubes supporting 1 μm thick Ti. Seven laser beams were focused to 200 μm diameter. The combination of the small cavity volume and the focused laser spots is intended to improve the electron temperature with limited laser energy since the electron temperature is a key issue for high x-ray conversion efficiency. Thomson scattering was adopted to experimentally probe the electron temperatures at special time and space zones as well as the average temperature obtained from the Ti K-shell spectrum. The evolutions of the electron temperature and density are predicted by the radiation hydrodynamic simulation. A top view and two photon energy bands of x-ray source images provide a way to directly observe the plasma movement toward the cavity axis and distinguish the different emission mechanisms between the Ti K-shell and lower energy x rays. Six Higher-energy x-ray detectors located at different angles were used to record the Ti K-shell x-ray emission and demonstrate its isotropic feature. The characteristics of the x-ray radiate intensity including the time evolution, the angular distribution, and the total yields for both the photon energy regions above and below 4 keV are compared between the cavity and planar targets. Obviously, different behaviors were found between the two photon energy regions and the two types of targets. The x-ray conversion efficiency of the Ti cylinder was determined to be ∼ 4 % and ∼ 21 % in 4 π sr in the Ti K-shell (4–7 keV) and <4 keV range, respectively. The Ti K-shell conversion efficiency obtained in the present experiments is between the ones driven by 13.5 and 4.5 kJ laser energy at OMEGA.
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影响因子：
1.6
作者：
J. Colvin;K. Fournier;J. Kane;S. Langer;M. May;H. Scott
通讯作者：
J. Colvin;K. Fournier;J. Kane;S. Langer;M. May;H. Scott
影响因子：
1.6
作者：
M. Primout;D. Babonneau;L. Jacquet;B. Villette;F. Girard;D. Brebion;P. Stemmler;K. Fournier;R. Marrs;M. May;R. Heeter;R. Wallace;H. Nishimura;S. Fujioka;M. Tanabe;H. Nagai
通讯作者：
M. Primout;D. Babonneau;L. Jacquet;B. Villette;F. Girard;D. Brebion;P. Stemmler;K. Fournier;R. Marrs;M. May;R. Heeter;R. Wallace;H. Nishimura;S. Fujioka;M. Tanabe;H. Nagai
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
H. Park;B. Maddox;E. Giraldez;S. Hatchett;L. Hudson;N. Izumi;M. Key;S. L. Pape;A. Mackinnon-
通讯作者：
H. Park;B. Maddox;E. Giraldez;S. Hatchett;L. Hudson;N. Izumi;M. Key;S. L. Pape;A. Mackinnon-
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
K. Fournier;M. May;J. Colvin;J. Kane;M. Schneider;E. Dewald;C. Thomas;S. Compton;R. Marrs;J. Moody;E. Bond;P. Michel;J. Fisher;C. Newlander;J. Davis
通讯作者：
K. Fournier;M. May;J. Colvin;J. Kane;M. Schneider;E. Dewald;C. Thomas;S. Compton;R. Marrs;J. Moody;E. Bond;P. Michel;J. Fisher;C. Newlander;J. Davis
DOI：
10.1016/j.jqsrt.2005.04.014
发表时间：
2006-05
影响因子：
2.3
作者：
C. Back;U. Feldman;J. Weaver;J. Seely;C. Constantin;G. Holland;R. Lee;Hyun-Kyung Chung;H. Scott
通讯作者：
C. Back;U. Feldman;J. Weaver;J. Seely;C. Constantin;G. Holland;R. Lee;Hyun-Kyung Chung;H. Scott