Experimental models of multiple sclerosis
Experimental models of multiple sclerosis
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DOI：
10.1097/wco.0b013e328346c226
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发表时间：
2011-06-01
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Pachner, Andrew R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pachner, Andrew R.
综述目的多发性硬化症（MS）是一种病因不明的中枢神经系统疾病。有许多药物可用于这种疾病，但没有一种明显有效地改善其长期致残作用。MS被认为最有可能是由于异常的免疫反应或病原体，或可能是两者的组合，并且可用的动物模型反映了这两种可能的病因。该疾病的特征是脱髓鞘、炎症、轴突损伤和进行性残疾。本文综述了多发性硬化症的实验模型。最近的发现有多种形式的实验性变态反应性脑脊髓炎，最常研究的MS动物模型。两种病毒，Theiler的小鼠脑脊髓炎病毒和小鼠肝炎病毒，用于诱导疾病的感染模型。
Purpose of reviewMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a disease of the central nervous system of unknown cause. There are many medications available for the disease, but none are clearly effective in ameliorating its long-term disabling effects. MS is felt to be most likely either due to an aberrant immune response or a pathogen, or possibly a combination of the two, and the animal models available reflect these two possible pathogeneses. The hallmarks of the disease are demyelination, inflammation, axonal injury, and progressive disability. This review explores the experimental models of multiple sclerosis.Recent findingsThere are a variety of forms of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis, the most commonly studied animal model of MS. Two viruses, Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus and murine hepatitis virus, are used to induce infectious models of the disease.SummaryThe animal models have their advantages and disadvantages, but no model fully reproduces the spectrum of the human disease.