Driver discomfort : prevalence, prediction and prevention.
Driver discomfort : prevalence, prediction and prevention.
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发表时间：
1996
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通讯作者：
D. Gyi
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作者：
D. Gyi
本研究旨在探讨汽车驾驶与肌肉骨骼疾病之间的关系，并从这一调查方法，可以帮助汽车工业的设计和评估的汽车座椅。论文分为两个部分。第一部分介绍了从两个样本组获得的数据进行的流行病学调查的发展和结果。研究1是一项访谈调查（基于北欧问卷）的600名成员的英国公众，随机选择的年龄和性别的阶层。研究2使用相同的采访，但两组精心挑选的警察（n=200）。结果表明，汽车司机（特别是那些谁开车作为他们的工作的一部分）似乎是在风险方面的报告不适和病假由于腰痛的麻烦。这项研究和其他研究的证据也表明，具有最可调整驾驶包的司机可能会在减少不适和减少病假方面受益。这为第二部分的后续研究提供了背景，并推动汽车制造商在设计汽车工作站时考虑健康问题。第二部分涉及一系列的三个实验，旨在研究方法，可用于制造商预测汽车座椅的不适文献进行了审查，以确定合适的预测技术，这将是强大的，足以提供信息的汽车工业在“真实的世界”的情况。界面压力测量技术已经引起了一些座椅制造商的兴趣，因此被选中进行研究。根据实验1的结果，可能需要修改已建立的舒适驾驶姿势指南。另外两个实验的目的是首先通过改变泡沫硬度，其次通过改变姿势来使受试者感到不适。在现实驾驶情况下，界面压力和不适感之间没有明确、简单和一致的关系。由于这些变量的混杂性质，使用该技术的未来研究应提供有关性别、体重指数、人体测量数据、姿势和泡沫硬度等因素的信息。
This research is concerned with exploring the relationship between car driving and musculoskeletal troubles and following on from this investigating methods which could aid the automotive industry in the design and evaluation of car seats. The thesis is divided into two parts. Part I describes the development and results of an epidemiological survey undertaken with data obtained from two sample groups. Study 1 was an interview survey (based on the Nordic Questionnaire) of 600 members of the British public, randomly selected within the strata of age and gender. Study 2 used the same interview, but with two carefully chosen groups of police officers (n=200). The results indicated that car drivers (especially those who drove as part of their job) appeared to be at risk in terms of reported discomfort and sickness absence due to low back trouble. Evidence from this and other studies has also indicated that drivers with the most adjustable driving packages may benefit in terms of both reduced discomfort and reduced sickness absence. This provided the background for the subsequent research in Part II and some impetus for car manufacturers to consider health issues in the design of car workstations. Part II involved a series of three experiments designed to investigate methodologies which could be used by manufacturers to predict car seat discomfort The literature was reviewed to identify suitable predictive techniques which would be robust enough to provide information to the automotive industry in 'real world' situations. The technique of interface pressure measurement had already generated interest in some seat manufacturers and was therefore selected for investigation. As a result of the findings in experiment 1, established guidelines for a comfortable driving posture may need to be modified. The other two experiments were designed to create discomfort in subjects firstly by varying foam hardness and secondly by varying posture. A clear, simple and consistent relationship between interface pressure and discomfort in realistic driving situations was not identified. Future studies using this technique should provide information regarding such factors as gender, the body mass index, anthropometric data, posture and foam hardness due to the confounding nature of these variables.