Flavor-diagonal CP violation: the electric dipole moment.
Flavor-diagonal CP violation: the electric dipole moment.
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DOI：
10.1140/epja/s10050-021-00421-y
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Shindler A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shindler A
在宇宙中观察到的重子不对称性与粒子物理学的标准模型（SM）的当前形式不一致。标准模型破坏了电荷共轭宇称（CP）对称性，但不足以解释所观察到的物质-反物质不对称性。历史上，在标准模型中寻找对称性破缺的第一个系统是中子的电偶极矩（EDM）。SM对中子EDM的贡献比目前的实验范围小几个数量级，从而为潜在的发现超越标准模型（BSM）的物理学提供了一个独特的，无背景的窗口。强CP违反长期也可以有助于中子EDM，因为可以所有的CP违反有效运营商描述，在能量低于电弱标度，从BSM的贡献。为了约束所有这些贡献的中子EDM，我们需要精确地确定相应的重整化算子的强子矩阵元。在简要介绍了重子不对称性和重子生成的基础上，总结了中子EDM的实验研究现状。然后，我更详细地描述了不同的CP破坏源，和手征微扰理论的一些结果之前，讨论了目前的状态格点QCD计算。我将特别关注这类计算的两个主要挑战：信噪比和重整化。我将讨论几种改进技术，试图改善这两个方面的计算，我将结束一个乐观的看法，对未来。
The observed baryon asymmetry in the universe cannot be reconciled with the current form of the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics. The Standard Model breaks charge conjugation parity (CP) symmetry, but not in a sufficient amount to explain the observed matter-antimatter asymmetry. Historically one of the first systems to be studied in the search of symmetry breaking within the Standard Model is the electric dipole moment (EDM) of the neutron. The contribution to the neutron EDM coming from the SM is several order of magnitudes smaller than the current experimental bound, thus providing a unique, background-free window for potential discovery of physics Beyond the Standard Model (BSM). The strong CP-violating term can also contribute to the neutron EDM, as can all the CP-violating effective operators describing, at energies below the electro-weak scale, the contributions from BSM. To constrain all these contributions to the neutron EDM we need to precisely determine the hadronic matrix elements of the corresponding renormalized operators. After a brief introduction on baryon asymmetry and baryogenesis, I summarize the current stuatus for experiments in search of a neutron EDM. I then describe in more details the different CP-violating sources, and some results in Chiral Perturbation Theory precede a discussion on the current status of Lattice QCD calculations. I will in particular focus on the 2 main challenges for these type of calculations: the signal-to-noise ratio and the renormalization. I will discuss several improvement techniques trying to improve these two aspects of the calculation and I will conclude with an optimistic view into the future.
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