Analogical reasoning in baboons (Papio papio): Flexible reencoding of the source relation depending on the target relation
Analogical reasoning in baboons (Papio papio): Flexible reencoding of the source relation depending on the target relation
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DOI：
10.3758/s13420-012-0101-7
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发表时间：
2013-09-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Maugard, Anais
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fagot, Joel;Maugard, Anais
类比推理是人类认知的基石，但在动物身上类比推理的程度和限度尚不清楚。最近的研究表明，类人猿和猴子可以用关系来匹配关系，这表明这些物种具有类比推理的基本能力。然而，人类的类比推理需要两个额外的认知过程，这两个过程在动物身上仍然没有被探索过。这些能力包括：(1)作为目标域的关系属性的函数灵活地重新编码由源域实例化的关系，以及(2)匹配不同刺激维度上的关系。使用二维关系配对样本任务，本研究表明，如果给予适当的训练，这两种能力属于狒狒的范围。这些发现揭示了非人类灵长类类比推理所涉及的丰富的认知过程，并进一步缩小了动物和人类认知之间的明显差距。
Analogical reasoning is a cornerstone of human cognition, but the extent and limits of analogical reasoning in animals remains unclear. Recent studies have demonstrated that apes and monkeys can match relations with relations, suggesting that these species have the basic abilities for analogical reasoning. However, analogical reasoning in humans entails two additional cognitive processes that remain unexplored in animals. These include the ability to (1) flexibly reencode the relations instantiated by the source domain as a function of the relational properties of the target domain, and (2) to match relations across different stimulus dimensions. Using a two-dimensional relational matching-to-sample task, the present study demonstrates that these two abilities are in the scope of baboons, given appropriate training. These findings unveil the richness of the cognitive processes implicated during analogical reasoning in nonhuman primates and further reduce the apparent gap between animal and human cognition.