LARGE CARDINALS BEYOND CHOICE

LARGE CARDINALS BEYOND CHOICE
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大红衣主教无可选择

DOI:
10.1017/bsl.2019.28
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发表时间:
2019
期刊:
The Bulletin of Symbolic Logic
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
WOODIN, W. HUGH
WOODIN, W. HUGH
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
BAGARIA, JOAN;KOELLNER, PETER;WOODIN, W. HUGH

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HOD 二分定理指出,如果存在可扩展基数 δ,则 HOD 要么“接近”V(在正确计算大于 δ 的奇异基数的后继的意义上),要么 HOD 与 V“远离”(在所有大于或等于 δ 的正则基数都可以在 HOD 中测量的意义上)。问题是,未来是否会导致二分法的第一面或第二面。 HOD离V“近”还是“远”?有一个计划旨在建立第一个替代方案——HOD 二分法的“接近”一侧。这就是内模理论的程序。近年来,第三作者提供了证据表明存在一个终极内部模型——Ultimate-L——并且他分离出了与该模型相关的一个自然猜想——Ultimate-L猜想。这个猜想意味着(假设存在可扩展基数)第一个选择成立——HOD“接近”V。这就是模式盛行的未来。在本文中,我们介绍了一个非常不同的计划,旨在建立第二种选择——HOD 二分法的“远端”。这是大红衣主教无可选择的方案。库宁有一个著名的证明,如果 AC 成立,那么就不可能有莱因哈特红衣主教。莱因哈特红雀在采埃孚的表现是否始终如一,目前仍悬而未决。事实证明,存在一个由无选择的大红衣主教组成的完整等级制度,而莱因哈特红衣主教只是其中的开始,而且令人惊讶的是,这个等级制度似乎是高度有序的,并且适合系统研究,正如我们将在本文中展示的那样。关键是,如果这些无选择的大基数是一致的,那么终极 L 猜想必定失败。这是混乱盛行的未来。
The HOD Dichotomy Theorem states that if there is an extendible cardinal, δ, then either HOD is “close” to V (in the sense that it correctly computes successors of singular cardinals greater than δ) or HOD is “far” from V (in the sense that all regular cardinals greater than or equal to δ are measurable in HOD). The question is whether the future will lead to the first or the second side of the dichotomy. Is HOD “close” to V, or “far” from V? There is a program aimed at establishing the first alternative—the “close” side of the HOD Dichotomy. This is the program of inner model theory. In recent years the third author has provided evidence that there is an ultimate inner model—Ultimate-L—and he has isolated a natural conjecture associated with the model—the Ultimate-L Conjecture. This conjecture implies that (assuming the existence of an extendible cardinal) that the first alternative holds—HOD is “close” to V. This is the future in which pattern prevails. In this paper we introduce a very different program, one aimed at establishing the second alternative—the “far” side of the HOD Dichotomy. This is the program of large cardinals beyond choice. Kunen famously showed that if AC holds then there cannot be a Reinhardt cardinal. It has remained open whether Reinhardt cardinals are consistent in ZF alone. It turns out that there is an entire hierarchy of choiceless large cardinals of which Reinhardt cardinals are only the beginning, and, surprisingly, this hierarchy appears to be highly ordered and amenable to systematic investigation, as we shall show in this paper. The point is that if these choiceless large cardinals are consistent then the Ultimate-L Conjecture must fail. This is the future where chaos prevails.
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