Analysis, Control, and Evaluation of Mobility-on-Demand Systems: A Queueing-Theoretical Approach
Analysis, Control, and Evaluation of Mobility-on-Demand Systems: A Queueing-Theoretical Approach
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DOI：
10.1109/tcns.2018.2800403
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发表时间：
2019-03
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Rick Zhang;Federico Rossi;M. Pavone
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Rick Zhang;Federico Rossi;M. Pavone
本文介绍了一种对城市个人交通的需求（MOD）系统的分析，控制和评估的排队理论方法。 MOD系统由提供单向汽车共享服务的车队组成，以及一组驾驶员来重新平衡此类车辆。然后，驾驶员通过驱动类似于出租车服务的选择客户来重新平衡自己。我们将MOD系统建模为两个耦合封闭的杰克逊网络，并损失了乘客损失。我们证明，通过求解两个解耦线性程序并通过非线性优化恰好平衡系统可以大致平衡系统。重新平衡技术应用于曼哈顿三个社区的出租车数据的系统尺寸示例。最后，我们为驾驶员制定了实时的闭环重新平衡政策，并对中国曼哈顿和杭州进行两个假设的MOD系统进行案例研究。我们表明，曼哈顿的出租车需求可以在MOD系统中满足相同数量的车辆，但仅需要1/3至1/4驾驶员的数量；在杭州，在客户需求高度不平衡的情况下，需要更高的车辆与车辆比率来实现良好的服务质量。
This paper presents a queueing-theoretical approach to the analysis, control, and evaluation of mobility-on-demand (MoD) systems for urban personal transportation. A MoD system consists of a fleet of vehicles providing one-way car-sharing service and a team of drivers to rebalance such vehicles. The drivers then rebalance themselves by driving select customers similar to a taxi service. We model the MoD system as two coupled closed Jackson networks with passenger loss. We show that the system can be approximately balanced by solving two decoupled linear programs and exactly balanced through nonlinear optimization. The rebalancing techniques are applied to a system sizing example using taxi data in three neighborhoods of Manhattan. Finally, we formulate a real-time closed-loop rebalancing policy for drivers and perform case studies of two hypothetical MoD systems in Manhattan and Hangzhou, China. We show that the taxi demand in Manhattan can be met with the same number of vehicles in a MoD system, but only requires 1/3 to 1/4 the number of drivers; in Hangzhou, where customer demand is highly unbalanced, higher driver-to-vehicle ratios are required to achieve good quality of service.