Response of lake chemistry to changes in atmospheric deposition and climate in three high-elevation wilderness areas of Colorado
Response of lake chemistry to changes in atmospheric deposition and climate in three high-elevation wilderness areas of Colorado
复制标题
科罗拉多州三个高海拔荒野地区湖泊化学对大气沉降和气候变化的响应
DOI：
10.1007/s10533-010-9443-4
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
D. Campbell
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Mast;J. Turk;D. Clow;D. Campbell
研究了1985-2008年期间，降水化学趋势、水文和气候数据作为科罗拉多州三个荒野地区高海拔湖泊化学成分长期变化的驱动因素。1987-2008年，全国10个高海拔大气沉降计划站点的降水中硫酸盐浓度以- 0.15 ~ - 0.55 μeq/l/年的速率下降，反映了SO2排放的区域性减少。在硫酸盐主要来自大气输入的湖泊中，硫酸盐浓度也下降了，尽管速率一般较小，在−0.12至−0.27 μeq/l/年之间。时间和硫同位素数据的相似性支持了大气沉积减少驱动该州某些地区高海拔湖泊响应的假设。相比之下，在硫酸盐主要来自流域风化源的湖泊中，硫酸盐浓度在1985-2008年间急剧增加。对长期气候记录的分析表明，科罗拉多州大部分山区的年气温每十年上升0.45至0.93°C，这表明气候是一个因素。同位素数据显示，这些湖泊中的硫酸盐主要来自黄铁矿，这可能表明气候变暖优先影响了黄铁矿的风化速率。
Trends in precipitation chemistry and hydrologic and climatic data were examined as drivers of long-term changes in the chemical composition of high-elevation lakes in three wilderness areas in Colorado during 1985–2008. Sulfate concentrations in precipitation decreased at a rate of −0.15 to −0.55 μeq/l/year at 10 high-elevation National Atmospheric Deposition Program stations in the state during 1987–2008 reflecting regional reductions in SO2 emissions. In lakes where sulfate is primarily derived from atmospheric inputs, sulfate concentrations also decreased although the rates generally were less, ranging from −0.12 to −0.27 μeq/l/year. The similarity in timing and sulfur isotopic data support the hypothesis that decreases in atmospheric deposition are driving the response of high-elevation lakes in some areas of the state. By contrast, in lakes where sulfate is derived primarily from watershed weathering sources, sulfate concentrations showed sharp increases during 1985–2008. Analysis of long-term climate records indicates that annual air temperatures have increased between 0.45 and 0.93°C per decade throughout most mountainous areas of Colorado, suggesting climate as a factor. Isotopic data reveal that sulfate in these lakes is largely derived from pyrite, which may indicate climate warming is preferentially affecting the rate of pyrite weathering.