Education and health knowledge: Evidence from UK compulsory schooling reform
Education and health knowledge: Evidence from UK compulsory schooling reform
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DOI：
10.1016/j.socscimed.2014.10.026
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发表时间：
2015-02-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Suziedelyte, Agne
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Johnston, David W.;Lordan, Grace;Suziedelyte, Agne
我们利用1984 - 185年和1991 - 92年英国健康与生活方式调查（HALS）的数据来调查教育与健康知识之间是否存在因果关系。独特的是，该调查询问受访者他们认为常见健康状况的主要原因是什么，我们将这些答案与医疗专业人员给出的答案进行比较，以形成健康知识指数。为了确定因果关系，我们使用了1947年（从14岁到15岁）和1972年（从15岁到16岁）英国最低离校年龄的增加来提供教育的外生变化。这些改革主要是促使本来要离开学校的青少年多待一年。OLS估计表明，教育显著增加了健康知识，学校教育每增加一年，健康知识指数就会增加15%的标准差。相比之下，工具变量模型的估计表明，由于教育改革而增加的学校教育并没有显著影响健康知识。这一主要结果对许多规格测试和健康知识指数的替代公式是稳健的。需要进一步研究，以确定高等教育水平（如毕业后资格证书）与卫生知识之间是否也没有因果关系。(C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd.版权所有。
We investigate if there is a causal link between education and health knowledge using data from the 1984185 and 1991/92 waves of the UK Health and Lifestyle Survey (HALS). Uniquely, the survey asks respondents what they think are the main causes of ten common health conditions, and we compare these answers to those given by medical professionals to form an index of health knowledge. For causal identification we use increases in the UK minimum school leaving age in 1947 (from 14 to 15) and 1972 (from 15 to 16) to provide exogenous variation in education. These reforms predominantly induced adolescents who would have left school to stay for one additionally mandated year. OLS estimates suggest that education significantly increases health knowledge, with a one-year increase in schooling increasing the health knowledge index by 15% of a standard deviation. In contrast, estimates from instrumental-variable models show that increased schooling due to the education reforms did not significantly affect health knowledge. This main result is robust to numerous specification tests and alternative formulations of the health knowledge index. Further research is required to determine whether there is also no causal link between higher levels of education such as post-school qualifications and health knowledge. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.