Fast millimeter wave beam alignment
Fast millimeter wave beam alignment
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DOI：
10.1145/3230543.3230581
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发表时间：
2018-08
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Haitham Hassanieh;Omid Salehi-Abari;Michael Rodriguez;M. Abdelghany;D. Katabi;P. Indyk
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文献类型：
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作者：
Haitham Hassanieh;Omid Salehi-Abari;Michael Rodriguez;M. Abdelghany;D. Katabi;P. Indyk
人们对将毫米波无线电（mmWave）集成到无线局域网和5G蜂窝网络中以受益于其多GHz可用频谱非常感兴趣。然而，与现有技术不同，例如，WiFi、毫米波无线电需要高度定向的天线。由于天线具有双波束，因此发射器和接收器需要在它们可以通信之前对准它们的波束。现有的系统扫描空间以找到最佳对齐。这样的过程已经被示出为引入高达数秒的延迟，并且不适合于接入点必须在用户之间快速切换并且容纳移动的客户端的无线网络。本文介绍了一种新的协议，可以找到最佳的毫米波波束对准，而无需扫描空间的敏捷链接。给定所有可能的方向来设置天线波束，Agile-Link可证明在对数数量的测量中找到最佳方向。此外，Agile-Link可在现有的802.11ad标准中工作，并可支持客户端和接入点。我们已经在毫米波无线电中实施了Agile-Link，并对其进行了经验评估。我们的研究结果表明，它减少了几个数量级的光束对准延迟。特别地，对于在802.11ad下操作的高度定向的毫米波设备，延迟从超过一秒下降到2.5ms。
There is much interest in integrating millimeter wave radios (mmWave) into wireless LANs and 5G cellular networks to benefit from their multi-GHz of available spectrum. Yet, unlike existing technologies, e.g., WiFi, mmWave radios require highly directional antennas. Since the antennas have pencil-beams, the transmitter and receiver need to align their beams before they can communicate. Existing systems scan the space to find the best alignment. Such a process has been shown to introduce up to seconds of delay, and is unsuitable for wireless networks where an access point has to quickly switch between users and accommodate mobile clients. This paper presents Agile-Link, a new protocol that can find the best mmWave beam alignment without scanning the space. Given all possible directions for setting the antenna beam, Agile-Link provably finds the optimal direction in logarithmic number of measurements. Further, Agile-Link works within the existing 802.11ad standard for mmWave LAN, and can support both clients and access points. We have implemented Agile-Link in a mmWave radio and evaluated it empirically. Our results show that it reduces beam alignment delay by orders of magnitude. In particular, for highly directional mmWave devices operating under 802.11ad, the delay drops from over a second to 2.5 ms.