Contributions of immunocytochemistry to the diagnosis and study of ovarian neoplasms.
Contributions of immunocytochemistry to the diagnosis and study of ovarian neoplasms.
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免疫细胞化学对卵巢肿瘤诊断和研究的贡献。
DOI：
10.1097/00004347-198403010-00002
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发表时间：
1984
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Nadji,M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kurman,RJ;Ganjei,P;Nadji,M
免疫细胞化学在卵巢肿瘤研究中的应用是相对较新的，但很明显，这项技术是验证和扩展上世纪所作形态学观察的有力工具。第一组用免疫细胞化学方法进行系统研究的肿瘤是恶性生殖细胞肿瘤（1，2）。内胚窦肿瘤中甲胎蛋白（AFP）的定位提供了支持其卵黄囊起源的确证性生化证据（3-6）。同样，胚胎癌中人绒毛膜促性腺激素（hCG）和AFP的鉴定有助于描述这种肿瘤的临床病理学特征，并将其与以前分类的内胚窦瘤区分开来（7）。除了在探索生殖细胞肿瘤的组织发生方面有价值外，免疫细胞化学分析还为传统的形态学分类提供了功能相关性。因此，基于监测AFP和hCG（即所谓的肿瘤标志物）的血清水平的恶性生殖细胞肿瘤患者管理的新方法（8）可以与组织切片中的存在相关（1，2，9）。在性腺间质肿瘤中，类固醇激素的免疫细胞化学定位与临床表现、血清激素水平和体外孵育研究的相关性在阐明类固醇生物合成的细胞位点方面非常重要（10-12）。这导致了对特定细胞类型产生激素的理论的重新评估，这可能最终导致包括这一高度复杂的肿瘤组的胚胎学、形态学和功能方面的分类的发展（13）。最后，在常见的上皮肿瘤中，免疫细胞化学分析已经将各种抗原的存在与特定的细胞类型相关联。这些研究利用了常规的多克隆抗体和新开发的单克隆抗体，这些抗体针对癌胚抗原，例如癌胚抗原（CEA）（14-18），中间丝，例如细胞角蛋白（19-21），和来自卵巢癌细胞系的肿瘤相关抗原（22）。免疫细胞化学探针在未来可能作为常规免疫细胞化学探针的辅助手段发挥重要作用。
The application of immunocytochemistry to the study of ovarian tumors has been relatively recent but it has become apparent that this technique is a powerful tool with which to validate and extend the morphologic observations made over the last century. Among the first group of tumors to be studied in a systematic fashion with immunocytochemical methods were the malignant germ cell tumors (1, 2). The localization of o-fetoprotein (AFP) in the endodermal sinus tumor provided confirmatory biochemical evidence supporting its yolk sac origin (3–6). Similarly, the identification of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and AFP in embryonal carcinoma was instrumental in delineating the clinicopathologic features of this neoplasm and in distinguishing it from endodermal sinus tumor with which it had been previously classified (7). Besides being of value in exploring the histogenesis of germ cell tumors, immunocytochemical analysis provides a functional correlate for the traditional morphologic classification. Thus, the new approaches to the management of patients with malignant germ cell tumors, based on monitoring serum levels of AFP and hCG (8), so-called tumor markers, can be correlated with their presence in tissue sections (1, 2, 9). In the gonadal stromal tumors the correlation of the immunocytochemical localization of steroid hormones with the clinical presentation, serum hormone levels, and in vitro incubation studies has been important in elucidating the cellular sites of steroid biosynthesis (10–12). This has led to a reevaluation of theories of hormone production by specific cell types, which may eventually result in the development of a classification that embraces embryologic, morphologic, and functional aspects of this highly complex group of neoplasms (13). Finally, in the common epithelial tumors, immunocytochemical analysis has correlated the presence of various antigens with specific cell types. These studies have utilized both conventional polyclonal and newly developed monoclonal antibodies against oncofetal antigens such as carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)(14–18), intermediate filaments such as cytokeratins (19–21), and tumor-associated antigens derived from ovarian carcinoma cell lines (22). Immunocytochemical probes may in the future play an important role as an adjunct to the conventional