ADAPTATION TO ABRUPT TIME SHIFTS OF THE OSCILLATOR[S] CONTROLLING HUMAN CIRCADIAN-RHYTHMS
ADAPTATION TO ABRUPT TIME SHIFTS OF THE OSCILLATOR[S] CONTROLLING HUMAN CIRCADIAN-RHYTHMS
复制标题
DOI：
10.1113/jphysiol.1978.sp012582
复制
发表时间：
1978-01-01
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
WATERHOUSE, JM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
MILLS, JN;MINORS, DS;WATERHOUSE, JM
1.在隔离单元中的36名受试者接受了12小时或8小时的双向时移。2.研究了换班前后的体温和8种尿液成分的排泄节律，包括正常的夜间活动和24小时内，当他们保持在恒定的条件下，清醒，从事光活动，主要是久坐活动，每小时摄入相同的食物和液体。3.用余弦曲线拟合夜节律。在固定程序中，移位后的节律与原始节奏交叉相关，或者具有可变延迟(或提前)，或者与该可变移位节律和未移位或完全移位节奏之间的相加混合。相关系数最高的过程被认为是适应性质的最佳描述。4.与其他变量相比，尿钠、氯化物和磷酸盐更常出现两种节律的组合。5.在向西转移后，适应似乎比向东转移进行得更远，这种差异在尿钾、钠和氯化物方面尤其明显。6.部分适应通常涉及阶段延迟，即使在向东转移之后，也需要累积16小时的延迟才能实现完全适应和重新夹带。7.在夜间条件下的观察往往给人一种关于适应程度的错误想法。特别是，在向东移动后，当在夜间条件下研究时，节律的相位似乎朝着适当的方向移动，而内源振荡器要么没有表现出一致的行为，要么在控制尿酸排泄的情况下，朝着错误的方向移动。8.指出了对在轮班工作或跨子午线飞行过程中经历时移的人的影响。
1. Thirty‐six subjects in an isolation unit were subjected to time shifts of 12 hr, or of 8 hr in either direction. 2. The rhythms of body temperature and excretion of eight urinary constituents were studied before and after the shift, both on a usual nychthemeral routine and during 24 hr when they remained under constant conditions, awake, engaged in light, mainly sedentary activity, and consuming identical food and fluid every hour. 3. The rhythms on nychthemeral routine were defined by fitting cosine curves. On constant routine the rhythm after the shift was cross‐correlated with the original rhythm, either with variable delay (or advance) or with an additive mixture between this variably shifted rhythm and the unshifted or a fully shifted rhythm. The process yielding the highest correlation coefficient was accepted as the best descriptor of the nature of adaptation. 4. A combination of two rhythms was observed more often for urinary sodium, chloride and phosphate than for other variables. 5. Adaptation appeared to have proceeded further after westward than eastward shifts, and this difference was particularly noticeable for urinary potassium, sodium and chloride. 6. Partial adaptation usually involved a phase delay, even after an eastward shift when a cumulative delay of 16 hr would be needed to achieve full adaptation and re‐entrainment. 7. Observations under nychthemeral conditions often gave a false idea of the degree of adaptation. In particular, after an eastward shift the phase of the rhythms appeared to shift in the appropriate direction when studied under nychthemeral conditions whereas the endogenous oscillator either showed no consistent behaviour or, in the control of urate excretion, a shift in the wrong direction. 8. The implications for people undergoing time shifts, in the course of shift work or transmeridional flights, are indicated.