The Representation of Instructions Operates Like a Prepared Reflex Flanker Compatibility Effects Found in First Trial Following S-R Instructions
The Representation of Instructions Operates Like a Prepared Reflex Flanker Compatibility Effects Found in First Trial Following S-R Instructions
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DOI：
10.1027/1618-3169.56.2.128
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发表时间：
2009-01-01
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
Meiran, Nachshon
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cohen-Kdoshay, Oshrit;Meiran, Nachshon
准备好的反射(PR)隐喻(Woodworth，R.S.(1938)。实验心理学。纽约：霍尔特、莱因哈特和温斯顿)认为，工作记忆(WM)中保存的刺激反应(S-R)指令即使在没有任何练习的情况下也可以导致自主反应的激活。Cohen-Kdoshay和Meiran(Cohen-Kdoshay，O.，&Meiran，N.(2007)。指令在工作记忆中的表征导致自主反应激活：来自侧翼范式的第一次试验的证据。实验心理学季刊，60(8)，1140-1154)表明，在遵循S-R指令支持PR假说的8个试验中，发现了侧翼相容效应。尽管如此，在第一次试验中的表现形成了将抽象类别与反应联系起来的长期记忆(LTM)痕迹，这些LTM痕迹的提取可能是FCE中看到的自主反应激活的原因。该帐户预测，功能团体选举将在第一次审判中缺席，并在随后出现。作者表明，FCE在指示之后立即出现在第一次试验中，因此明确支持公关比喻。
The prepared reflex (PR) metaphor (Woodworth, R. S. (1938). Experimental psychology. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston) suggests that stimulus-response (S-R) instructions held in working memory (WM) can lead to autonomous response activation even without any practice. Cohen-Kdoshay and Meiran (Cohen-Kdoshay, O., & Meiran, N. (2007). The representation of instructions in working memory leads to autonomous response activation: Evidence from the first trials in the flanker paradigm. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 60 (8), 1140-1154) showed that the flanker compatibility effect (FCE) is found in the eight trials following S-R instructions supporting the PR hypothesis. Nonetheless, performance in the first trials forms long-term memory (LTM) traces which link abstract categories with responses and the retrieval of these LTM traces may be the reason for the autonomous response activation seen in the FCE. This account predicts FCEs to be absent in the first trial and present afterwards. The authors show that the FCE was present in the first trial immediately following the instructions, thus providing unequivocal support for the PR metaphor.