Nutrient and tillage strategies to increase grain yield and water use efficiency in semi-arid areas
Nutrient and tillage strategies to increase grain yield and water use efficiency in semi-arid areas
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DOI：
10.1016/j.agwat.2016.09.021
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发表时间：
2016-12-01
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Han, Qingfang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lian, Yanhao;Ali, Shahzad;Han, Qingfang
在旱地农业中，水和肥料是影响作物生产力的主要因素。垄沟集雨(RFRH)系统是提高雨水利用效率的一种有效种植方式，但目前还没有确定垄沟集雨系统谷子适宜的施肥量。2014和2015年，我们研究了4种施肥量(F0、F1、F2和F3)对谷子土壤水分(SWC)、蒸散(ET)、植株生长、籽粒产量和资源利用效率的影响。结果表明，RFRHP提高了土壤水分利用率，随着施肥量的增加，土壤水分利用率呈下降趋势，但F1、F2、F3在两种种植模式下差异不显著。与TFP相比，RFRHP产生的最大叶面积和干物质积累量略高，但差异不显著，总蒸腾速率降低，收获指数、籽粒产量、水分利用效率、农艺效率和净经济效益都有普遍改善。谷子对肥料反应积极，F2为经济施肥量，当施肥量超过F2时，谷子叶面积、干物质积累量和籽粒产量略有增加，但差异不显著，而农艺效率显著下降。RFRHP与F2组合获得的净经济效益最高，其产量、水分利用效率和农艺效率也显著高于TFP。因此，我们推荐F2(186：96公斤N：P ha(-1))的RFRH系统，用于半干旱地区高产高效的谷子生产。(C)2016年，由爱思唯尔出版。
Water and fertilizer are major factors that influence crop productivity in dryland farming. The ridge and furrow rainfall harvesting (RFRH) system is known to be an effective planting method for improving rainwater utilization, but suitable fertilizer application rates for foxtail millet under RFRH planting have not yet been determined. In 2014 and 2015, we examined the effects of four fertilizer application rates (F0, F1, F2, and F3) under RFRH planting (RFRHP) and traditional flat planting (TFP) on the soil water content (SWC), evapotranspiration (ET), plant growth, grain yield, and resource use efficiency for foxtail millet. We found that RFRHP improved the SWC, where the SWC exhibited a decreasing trend as the fertilizer rate increased, but generally there was no significant difference among F1, F2 and F3 under both planting patterns. Compared with TFP, RFRHP produced a slightly higher maximum leaf area and dry matter accumulation, although the differences were not significant, while total ET was reduced and there were general improvements in the harvest index, grain yield, water use efficiency (WUE), agronomic efficiency, and net economic benefit. Foxtail millet responded positively to fertilizer, and F2 was the economical fertilizer input rate, where the leaf area, dry matter accumulation, and grain yield were increased slightly with no significant difference when the fertilizer rate was increased beyond F2, while agronomic efficiency was significantly decreased. The highest economic net benefit was achieved by RFRHP combined with F2, which also obtained significantly higher grain yield, WUE and agronomic efficiency compared with TFP. Thus, we recommend the RFRH system with F2 (186:96 kg N:P ha(-1)) for high productivity and efficient foxtail millet production in semi-arid areas. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier B.V.