A reconstruction of large-scale circulation in the Pacific Ocean north of 10&N
A reconstruction of large-scale circulation in the Pacific Ocean north of 10&N
复制标题
10以北太平洋大尺度环流重建
DOI：
10.1029/2000jc900108
复制
发表时间：
2001
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Yaremchuk
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Yaremchuk
给出了北太平洋(NP)海洋动力一致的定常环流型。描述海洋状态和大气强迫的场是通过将定常大尺度环流模式与世界海洋环流实验水文学、达席尔瓦大气气候学、TOPEX-Poseidon高度计和海洋环境数据服务局漂流数据1.0版进行拟合而得到的。给出了北冰洋主要环流特征的热量、盐分和质量输送。所有的估计值都带有误差条，这些误差条是通过海森矩阵的近似逆得到的。特别是优化后的模式，NP的平均加热速率为11±7W m−2，每年从其表面损失26±18 cm的淡水。北纬20°以北的纬向平均输送以30°-50°N中层(500-3000m)7±2 Sv(1 Sv=106m~3 S−1)的上升为特征，在55°-60°N以3±1 Sv的下沉为特征的较弱的翻转单体对51°N以北的经向环流格局有贡献。中纬度经向平流热量净输送与零无显著差异，相当于−0.1±0.4pw(1pw=1015W)。在北纬35°N，淡水以相当于北纬35°以北平均降雨量的速率向南输送，年平均降雨量为18±14 cm−1。对水团转化率的分析表明，北海道和南千岛群岛以东是北冰洋的主要中间水源地。在阿拉斯加环流中探测到的震源要弱得多。千岛群岛以东的NPIW水源净生产率估计为2.5Sv。
A dynamically consistent steady state circulation pattern of the North Pacific (NP) ocean is presented. The fields describing oceanic state and atmospheric forcing are obtained by fitting a steady state large-scale circulation model to the 1.0 release of World Ocean Circulation Experiment hydrology, da Silva atmospheric climatologies, TOPEX-Poseidon altimetry, and Marine Environmental Data Service drifter data. Heat, salt, and mass transports of the major circulation features of the NP are presented. All the estimates are supplied with error bars obtained via the approximate inversion of the Hessian matrix. The optimized pattern shows, in particular, that NP is heated at an average rate of 11±7 W m−2 and loses 26±18 cm of fresh water from its surface per year. Zonal mean transport north of 20°N is characterized by an upwelling of 7±2 Sv (1 Sv = 106 m3 s−1) in the intermediate layers (500–3000 m) within the latitudes 30°–50°N. A weaker overturning cell characterized by the downwelling of 3±1 Sv at 55°–60°N contributes to the meridional circulation pattern north of 51°N. The net meridional advective heat transport in the midlatitudes is statistically undistinguishable from zero and amounts to −0.1±0.4 PW (1 PW = 1015 W). At 35°N, fresh water is transported southward at the rate equivalent to the average rainfall to the north of 35°N of 18±14 cm yr−1. Analysis of the water mass transformation rates reveals the major NP intermediate water formation site to be east of Hokkaido and South Kuril Islands. A much weaker source is detected in the Alaskan Gyre. The net production rate of the NPIW source water east of Kuril Islands is estimated as 2.5 Sv.