Envisioning gender, indigeneity and urban change: the case of La Paz, Bolivia
Envisioning gender, indigeneity and urban change: the case of La Paz, Bolivia
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展望性别、土著和城市变革：玻利维亚拉巴斯的案例
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发表时间：
2018
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通讯作者：
K. Maclean
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作者：
K. Maclean
摘要玻利维亚拉巴斯及其邻近城市埃尔阿尔托一直在经历城市积累、剥夺和流离失所的模式，这表明了社会、文化和历史逻辑对理解城市空间政治的重要性。这些模式的一个显著特点是，积累了足够财富以取代人们的人的形象是土著妇女的形象。这位艾玛兰女子传统上穿着Pollera裙子，戴着德比帽，以现金支付在Zona Sur富裕的白人地区购买豪华房产，这是一个已经进入流行文化和政治话语的比喻。在这篇文章中，我探索了这种文化比喻的发展，从它在2009年以相关地区南区命名的电影中出现，以及随后在社交媒体上使用这部电影的图像来描述和抵制城市中与空间、财产和归属感相关的政治变化。我的论点是，这位富有的艾玛兰女性的比喻，以及她所代表的城市发展预期模式的逆转，让构成资本如何塑造城市空间的殖民、文化和性别动态突显了出来。这位在非正式商业中赚钱的富有的艾玛拉妇女违背了拉巴斯的礼仪和归属感，也在批评地理文学中接受了关于城市进程和性别的想法。
Abstract La Paz, Bolivia, and its neighbouring city, El Alto, have been experiencing patterns of urban accumulation, dispossession and displacement that demonstrate the importance of social, cultural and historical logics to understanding the politics of urban space. A striking feature of these patterns is that the image of the person who has accumulated enough wealth to displace people, is that of an indigenous woman. The Aymaran woman, traditionally dressed in pollera skirt and Derby hat, who pays in cash for luxurious properties in the affluent, white area of the Zona Sur, is a trope that has entered popular culture and political discourse. In this article, I explore the development of this cultural trope from its emergence in the 2009 film named after the area in question, Zona Sur, and subsequent uses of images of this film in social media to describe and resist political changes in the city as related to space, property and belonging. My contention is that the trope of the rich Aymaran woman, and the reversal of expected patterns of urban development that she represents, places the colonial, cultural and gendered dynamics that structure how capital shapes urban space, into sharp relief. The rich Aymaran woman who has made her money in informal commerce transgresses ideas of propriety and belonging in La Paz, and also received ideas about urban processes and gender in critical geographical literature.