West Nile Virus Revisited: Consequences for North American Ecology
West Nile Virus Revisited: Consequences for North American Ecology
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DOI：
10.1641/b581007
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发表时间：
2008-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
10.1
通讯作者：
Calder, Catherine A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
LaDeau, Shannon L.;Marra, Peter P.;Calder, Catherine A.
自西尼罗河病毒（WNV）在纽约出现以来已经有九年了，它对鸟类宿主和人类的最初影响在整个北美都很明显。西尼罗河病毒对鸟类宿主的直接影响包括记录的人口下降，但这些变化的鸟类群落的其他间接生态后果，如种子传播，昆虫丰度和清除服务的变化，是可能的，需要关注。此外，气候（季节性降水和温度）和土地使用可能影响疾病爆发的强度和频率，需要进行研究，以提高对这些相互作用的力量的机械理解。本文回顾了越来越多的研究描述生态的西尼罗河病毒，并强调了关键的知识差距，必须解决，如果我们希望管理疾病风险，实施保护战略，并在气候变化和西尼罗河病毒或下一个出现的病原体的存在下进行预测。
It has been nine years since West Nile virus (WNV) emerged in New York, and its initial impacts on avian hosts and humans are evident across North America. The direct effects of WNV on avian hosts include documented population declines, but other, indirect ecological consequences of these changed bird communities, such its changes in seed dispersal, insect abundances, and scavenging services, are probable and demand attention. Furthermore, climate (seasonal precipitation and temperature) and land use are likely to influence the intensity and frequency of disease outbreaks, and research is needed to improve mechanistic understanding of these interacting forces. This article reviews the growing body of research describing the ecology of WNV and highlights critical knowledge gaps that must be addressed if we hope to manage disease risk, implement conservation strategies, and make forecasts in the presence of both climate change and WNV-or the next emergent pathogen.