DEFINING PLANT FUNCTIONAL TYPES IN CHINA FOR GLOBAL CHANGE STUDIES
DEFINING PLANT FUNCTIONAL TYPES IN CHINA FOR GLOBAL CHANGE STUDIES
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DOI：
10.17521/cjpe.2005.0012
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发表时间：
2005
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Weng En
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Weng En
植物功能类型是植物生理过程与生态系统过程之间的桥梁，为研究全球变化、植被动态和植被-大气过程提供了强有力的工具。本文提出了一种基于6个关键植物属性的两步递阶PFT分类系统。6个关键属性中有3个与植物冠层结构有关，包括地上活生物量的持久性(木本与草本)、叶片寿命(常绿与落叶)和叶结构(阔叶与针叶)。其他三个属性与植物生理特性有关，包括光合作用途径(即C3与C4草)、抗旱性和耐温性(如温暖常绿、凉爽针叶树)。在分析的第一步，根据冠层属性得出了五个基本的植物类型。在第二步中，根据光合作用途径、抗旱性和耐温性将这5个基本株型划分为29个类型。通过模拟中国地区的植被分布，对该分类系统进行了检验。从中国植被的29个植物类型中选出了18个植物类型的亚集，特别是与季风气候和青藏高原影响下的水分平衡和能量收支有关的特征。这套PFTs包括7棵树，6个灌木和5个草。添加了两种类型的裸露地面用于模拟。选取绝对最低温度(Tmin)、最暖月平均温度(Tw)、生长日度(GDDS)、年平均月较差(DTY)、水分指数(年降水量-年潜在蒸散量MI)、年降水量(P)等6个气候变量作为各PFT的分布约束。根据每种植物功能类型的地理分布确定了这些气候变量的值。然后，使用BIOME1模拟了PFT在中国体内的分布。中国植被模拟图与实际植被图吻合较好，表明该套植被图能够较好地模拟中国地区植被的地理分布。本研究为今后气候-植被相互作用的研究以及中国的区域动态植被模型和区域气候模型的建立奠定了基础。
Plant functional types (PFTs) bridge the gap between plant physiology and ecosystem processes, providing a powerful tool for studies on global change, vegetation dynamics and vegetation-atmosphere processes . In this paper, a two-stepped hierarchical PFT classification system was proposed based on six key plant attributes. Three of six key attributes were related to plant canopy structure, including permanence of above-ground live biomass ( woody vs. herbaceous ) , leaf longevity ( evergreen vs. deciduous) and leaf structure (broad-leaved vs. needle-leaved) . The other three attributes were related to plant physiological characteristics, including photosynthetic pathway (i.e. C3 vs. C4 grasses) , drought resistance and temperature tolerance (e.g. warm evergreen, cool conifer) . In the first step of the analysis, five basic plant types were derived based on canopy attributes. In the second step, these five basic plant types were sub-divided into 29 types according to their photosynthetic pathways, drought resistance and temperature tolerance. We tested this PFT classification system by simulating the distribution of vegetation in China. A sub-set of 18 plant types was selected from the 29 PFTs that were characteristic of the vegetation in China, especially in relation to the water balance and energy budget as affected by the monsoon climate and the Tibetan Plateau. This set of PFTs contained 7 trees, 6 shrubs and 5 grasses. Two types of bare ground were added for the simulation. Six climatic variables were selected to be used as the distributional constraint of each PFT, which included absolute minimum temperature (Tmin) , mean temperature of the warmest month (Tw) , growing-day degrees (GDDs) , annual range of monthly mean temperature (DTY), moisture index (annual precipitation-annual potential evapo-transpiration, MI), annual precipitation (P). The values of these climatic variables were determined based on the geographical distribution of each plant functional type. Using BIOME1, the distribution of the PFTs across China was then modeled. The simulated map of China's vegetation was in close agreement with the ac- tual vegetation map, indicating that this set of PFTs was capable of simulating the geographical distribution of vegetation in China. This study provides a basis for future studies on climate-vegetation interactions and for developing regional dynamic vegetation models and regional climate models for China.