The State of Family-Owned Businesses in the Yukitsumugi Industry and Associated Changes--An Analysis Based on the Life Histories of Three Generations of Women in Hataya
The State of Family-Owned Businesses in the Yukitsumugi Industry and Associated Changes--An Analysis Based on the Life Histories of Three Generations of Women in Hataya
复制标题
雪松产业家族企业的现状及变迁--基于畑屋三代女性生活史的分析
DOI：
10.4200/jjhg1948.54.131
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发表时间：
2002
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Noriko Yuzawa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Noriko Yuzawa
一项关于家族企业状况和相关变化的研究通过考察严重依赖家庭劳动力的YukitSumugi行业(一种在Yuki生产的纱布)进行了研究。结果总结如下：这些年来，YukitSumugi的生产发生了很大的变化。当它作为农业大家庭的副业生产时，家庭劳动有明显的分工，包括家务和照看孩子。当时有许多个体经营者Hataya，或称纺织编织工。但从20世纪60年代开始，越来越多的YukitSumugi家庭的户主开始在办公室工作，远离父母和姻亲。在这样的家庭里，经营包括生产梭子在内的企业变得更加困难。这个曾经有着明显的家庭分工的行业，现在不再是家庭主妇的领域，而是办公室工人家庭中工薪阶层的领域。这是由于高等教育的增加和妇女就业机会的多样化。生产领域的这一趋势是生产高级连衣裙所必需的。在Yuki地区，Hataya结合了传统技术，实现了高质量的生产。但是，这种生产方式开始变得不像旧时代的农场家庭那样始终如一。该行业雇用的熟练工人越来越少，生产高质量材料的难度越来越大。自20世纪80年代以来，随着工人退休或跳槽到其他工作岗位，没有继任者接替他们，YukitSumugi的产量一直在稳步下降。这对该行业产生了严重的后果，特别是在生产结构的重组方面。
A study was conducted on the state of family-owned businesses and associated changes by examining the Yukitsumugi (a pongee produced in Yuki) industry which has relied heavily on family labor. The results are summarized as follows:Yukitsumugi production has changed considerably over the years. When it was being produced as a side business of extended farm families, there was a distinct division of family labor, including housework and child care. At this time, there were many self-employed hataya, or textile weavers.However, beginning in the 1960s, the heads of an increasing number of Yukitsumugi households began working in offices and living away from their parents and in-laws. In such families, it became more difficult to run businesses that included the production of pongee. What was once an industry that had a distinct family-based division of labor now became the domain not of work-at-home farm wives, but of wage earners in the families of office workers. This was due to the increase in higher-grade schooling and the diversification of job opportunities for women.This trend in the production area was necessary to produce high-class pongee. In the Yuki region, high-quality production was achieved by hataya who combined traditional techniques.However, this type of production started to become much less consistent than that of the old-time farm families. Fewer and fewer skilled workers were employed in the industry, making it increasingly difficult to produce high-quality materials.Since the 1980s, Yukitsumugi production has been steadily declining as workers retire or leave for other jobs without having a successor to take their place. This has had grave consequences for the industry, especially in the reorganization of the production structure.