The role of trehalose in the physiology of nematodes
The role of trehalose in the physiology of nematodes
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DOI：
10.1016/s0020-7519(96)00151-8
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发表时间：
1997-02-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Behm, CA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Behm, CA
海藻糖是葡萄糖的α-1-连接的非还原性二糖，在许多微生物以及某些后生动物生物（包括昆虫和线虫）的生理学中很重要。海藻糖是生物系统中的应激保护剂，因为它与脂质膜和蛋白质相互作用并直接保护其免受环境应激（如干燥和冷冻）造成的损害。海藻糖存在于许多线虫物种中，其浓度通常超过葡萄糖，但通常低于糖原。在猪蛔虫的所有组织中均发现该物质，在肌肉、血淋巴以及雌性和雄性生殖器官中浓度最高。海藻糖在一些线虫及其卵中作为能量储备，并且在葡萄糖的摄取中可能是重要的;它似乎作为主要的循环血糖起作用。海藻糖在线虫中积累，可以耐受脱水，并且可能对线虫或卵的过冷很重要，可以耐受冷冻。在许多线虫中，海藻糖在卵孵化过程中也很重要。海藻糖6-磷酸（T6 P）合酶和T6 P磷酸酶两种酶的联合作用催化大多数生物体中海藻糖的合成。海藻糖酶催化海藻糖水解为葡萄糖。这些酶已在线虫中检测到，但调节其活性的过程尚不清楚。海藻糖代谢可能为寄生于哺乳动物的线虫提供新的分子靶标。(C)1997年澳大利亚寄生虫学会。出版社：Elsevier Science Ltd
The sugar trehalose, an alpha-1-linked non-reducing disaccharide of glucose, is important in the physiology of many micro-organisms as well as in some groups of metazoan organisms, including insects and nematodes. Trehalose is a stress protectant in biological systems as it interacts with and directly protects lipid membranes and proteins from the damage caused by environmental stresses such as desiccation and freezing. Trehalose is present in many nematode species where its concentration often exceeds that of glucose but is usually lower than that of glycogen. In Ascaris suum it is found in all tissues, with highest concentrations in muscle, haemolymph and the female and male reproductive organs. Trehalose acts as an energy reserve in some nematodes and their eggs, and may be important in uptake of glucose; it appears to function as the major circulating blood sugar. Trehalose accumulates in nematodes that can withstand dehydration and may be important in supercooling of nematodes or eggs that can withstand freezing. In many nematodes trehalose is also important in the process of egg hatching. The combined action of 2 enzymes, trehalose 6-phosphate (T6P) synthase and T6P phosphatase, catalyses the synthesis of trehalose in most organisms. Hydrolysis of trehalose to glucose is catalysed by trehalase. These enzymes have been detected in nematodes but the processes regulating their activity are unknown. Trehalose metabolism may provide new molecular targets for attack in nematodes parasitic in mammals. (C) 1997 Australian Society for Parasitology. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd.