Degradation of crude oil by an arctic microbial consortium
Degradation of crude oil by an arctic microbial consortium
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DOI：
10.1007/s00792-005-0463-2
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发表时间：
2005-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Antranikian, G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Deppe, U;Richnow, HH;Antranikian, G
研究了一种耐低温微生物菌群在低温下降解原油的能力。还测试了富集的北极微生物群落利用各种碳氢化合物的能力，如长链烷烃（n-C-24至n-C-34）、降植烷、（甲基）萘和二甲苯作为唯一的碳源和能源。除邻二甲苯和甲基萘外，所有测试化合物均在受污染海洋液体场地的典型条件下代谢，即pH值为6-9，温度为4-27 ℃。应用分子生物学技术（16 SrDNA测序，DGGE）鉴定了9个菌株。其中5个菌株可以在纯培养物中分离。所涉及的菌株与以下属密切相关：假交替单胞菌（2种）、假单胞菌（2种）、希瓦氏菌（2种）、海拟杆菌（1种）、嗜冷杆菌（1种）和假单胞菌（1种）。有趣的是，在不同的组合中的五个分离的菌株不能降解原油或其组分显着，这表明四个不可培养的微生物在降解单一或复杂的烃类混合物的重要性。所获得的混合菌群具有菌群稳定、原油降解适应性广、原油降解能力强等优点。
The ability of a psychrotolerant microbial consortium to degrade crude oil at low temperatures was investigated. The enriched arctic microbial community was also tested for its ability to utilize various hydrocarbons, such as long-chain alkanes (n-C-24 to n-C-34), pristane, (methyl-)naphthalenes, and xylenes, as sole carbon and energy sources. Except for o-xylene and methylnaphthalenes, all tested compounds were metabolized under conditions that are typical for contaminated marine liquid sites, namely at pH 6-9 and at 4-27 degrees C. By applying molecular biological techniques (16S rDNA sequencing, DGGE) nine strains could be identified in the consortium. Five of these strains could be isolated in pure cultures. The involved strains were closely related to the following genera: Pseudoalteromonas (two species), Pseudomonas (two species), Shewanella (two species), Marinobacter (one species), Psychrobacter (one species), and Agreia (one species). Interestingly, the five isolated strains in different combinations were unable to degrade crude oil or its components significantly, indicating the importance of the four unculturable microorganisms in the degradation of single or of complex mixtures of hydrocarbons. The obtained mixed culture showed obvious advantages including stability of the consortium, wide range adaptability for crude oil degradation, and strong degradation ability of crude oil.