Effects of ultraviolet-B irradiance on intraspecific competition and facilitation of plants: self-thinning, size inequality, and phenotypic plasticity.
Effects of ultraviolet-B irradiance on intraspecific competition and facilitation of plants: self-thinning, size inequality, and phenotypic plasticity.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0050822
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Wang M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhang RC;Lin Y;Yue M;Li Q;Zhang XF;Liu X;Chi H;Chai YF;Wang M
(1)促进作用对植物种群结构和动态的影响还没有像竞争那样被广泛研究。UV-B辐射作为引起应激的典型环境因子，可能导致直接应激和易化作用。(2)基于对自疏、大小不等和表型可塑性的三个预测，研究了UV-B辐射对种内竞争和促进作用的影响：i)自疏是由于拥挤种群中个体平均生物量的增加而导致的密度降低，并由竞争驱动。在这项研究中，种群的死亡率预计将因UV-B辐射而下降。二)种群的规模不平等随着竞争的加剧而加剧，因为较大的个体获得了不成比例的资源份额，从而为较小的个体留下了有限的资源。第二种假设认为，直接压力降低了人口规模的不平等。3)表型可塑性是指对环境变化作出反应而改变自身形态的能力。第三种假设认为，某些形态指标可以在竞争、促进和压力之间的权衡中发生变化。这些预测通过绿豆田间盆栽实验得到了验证，并得到了以下结果的支持：(3)UV-B辐射提高了自疏结束时种群的存活率。然而，这一结果主要是由于直接应激而不是促进。(4)就像竞争者一样，促进也是不对称的。在自疏过程中，胁迫加剧了种群的大小不平等，而胁迫则降低了种群的大小不平等。(5)直接胁迫和易化在不同尺度上对植物的影响程度不同。胁迫抑制植物生长，而促进在个体尺度上表现出相反的情况。压力增加了存活率，而便利则增加了种群规模上的个体变异性。(6)竞争、促进和直接压力之间的权衡在不同的生长阶段是不同的。
(1) The effects of facilitation on the structure and dynamics of plant populations have not been studied so widely as competition. The UV-B radiation, as a typical environmental factor causing stress, may result in direct stress and facilitation. (2) The effects of UV-B radiation on intraspecific competition and facilitation were investigated based on the following three predictions on self-thinning, size inequality, and phenotypic plasticity: i) Self-thinning is the reduction in density that results from the increase in the mean biomass of individuals in crowded populations, and is driven by competition. In this study, the mortality rate of the population is predicted to decrease from UV-B irradiance. ii) The size inequality of a population increases with competition intensity because larger individuals receive a disproportionate share of resources, thereby leaving limited resources for smaller individuals. The second hypothesis assumes that direct stress decreases the size inequality of the population. iii) Phenotypic plasticity is the ability to alter one’s morphology in response to environmental changes. The third hypothesis assumes that certain morphological indices can change among the trade-offs between competition, facilitation, and stress. These predictions were tested by conducting a field pot experiment using mung beans, and were supported by the following results: (3) UV-B radiation increased the survival rate of the population at the end of self-thinning. However, this result was mainly due to direct stress rather than facilitation. (4) Just as competitor, facilitation was also asymmetric. It increased the size inequality of populations during self-thinning, whereas stress decreased the size inequality. (5) Direct stress and facilitation influence plants differently on various scales. Stress inhibited plant growth, whereas facilitation showed the opposite on an individual scale. Stress increased survival rate, whereas facilitation increased individual variability on the population scale. (6) Trade-offs between competitions, facilitation, and direct stress varied in different growing stages.
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影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Jones, CG;Lawton, JH;Shachak, M
通讯作者：
Shachak, M
影响因子：
3
作者：
BARNES, PW;FLINT, SD;CALDWELL, MM
通讯作者：
CALDWELL, MM
白三叶生理整合对 UV-B 辐射异质性的响应
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
Li, Qian;Liu, Xiao;Meng, Qian-Cai
通讯作者：
Meng, Qian-Cai
DOI：
10.1098/rstb.1991.0064
发表时间：
1991-07-29
期刊：
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF LONDON SERIES B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
影响因子：
--
作者：
BURROWS, FM
通讯作者：
BURROWS, FM
积极的相互作用可以增加植物种群的大小不平等
影响因子：
5.5
作者：
Chu, Cheng-Jin;Weiner, Jacob;Wang, Gang
通讯作者：
Wang, Gang