On the relationship between farmland biodiversity and land-use intensity in Europe
On the relationship between farmland biodiversity and land-use intensity in Europe
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2008.1509
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发表时间：
2009-03-07
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Verhulst, J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kleijn, D.;Kohler, F.;Verhulst, J.
全球农业是生物多样性下降的主要驱动力之一。有效的保护战略取决于生物多样性和土地利用强度之间的关系类型，但迄今为止，这种关系的形状是未知的。我们将植物物种丰富度与氮（N）输入联系起来，作为6个欧洲国家130个草地和141个耕地土地利用强度的指标。使用泊松回归，我们发现，植物物种丰富度显着负相关的N输入两个字段类型后，混杂环境因素的影响已占。随后的分析表明，指数下降的关系比线性或单峰关系提供了更好的拟合，这在很大程度上是稀有物种（相对覆盖率小于1%）的反应的结果。我们的研究结果表明，保护效益的成本在高强度比低强度的农田。例如，将氮输入量从75公斤/公顷减少到0公斤/公顷，以及从400公斤/公顷减少到60公斤/公顷，可耕地植物的物种增益估计大致相同。如果优先在仍然支持高水平生物多样性的广泛耕作地区实施保护举措，则这些举措的（成本）效益最高。
Worldwide agriculture is one of the main drivers of biodiversity decline. Effective conservation strategies depend on the type of relationship between biodiversity and land-use intensity, but to date the shape of this relationship is unknown. We linked plant species richness with nitrogen (N) input as an indicator of land-use intensity on 130 grasslands and 141 arable fields in six European countries. Using Poisson regression, we found that plant species richness was significantly negatively related to N input on both field types after the effects of confounding environmental factors had been accounted for. Subsequent analyses showed that exponentially declining relationships provided a better fit than linear or unimodal relationships and that this was largely the result of the response of rare species (relative cover less than 1%). Our results indicate that conservation benefits are disproportionally more costly on high-intensity than on low-intensity farmland. For example, reducing N inputs from 75 to 0 and 400 to 60 kg ha(-1) yr(-1) resulted in about the same estimated species gain for arable plants. Conservation initiatives are most (cost-)effective if they are preferentially implemented in extensively farmed areas that still support high levels of biodiversity.