A prospective study of carotenoid intake and risk of cataract extraction in US men.
A prospective study of carotenoid intake and risk of cataract extraction in US men.
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DOI：
10.1093/ajcn/70.4.517
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发表时间：
1999-10
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Lisa E. Brown;E. Rimm;J. Seddon;E. Giovannucci;L. Chasan-Taber;D. Spiegelman;W. Willett;S. Hankins
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lisa E. Brown;E. Rimm;J. Seddon;E. Giovannucci;L. Chasan-Taber;D. Spiegelman;W. Willett;S. Hankins
背景饮食中的抗氧化剂，包括类胡萝卜素，被认为可以通过防止晶状体内蛋白质或脂类的氧化来降低老年性白内障的风险。然而，有关这一现象的前瞻性流行病学数据有限。目的前瞻性研究类胡萝卜素和维生素A摄入量与男性白内障摘除之间的关系。设计：这项前瞻性队列研究包括1986年年龄在45-75岁的美国男性健康专业人员(n=36644)。其他人后来在他们45岁时被包括在内。一份详细的膳食调查问卷被用来评估类胡萝卜素和其他营养素的摄入量。在8年的随访中，记录了840例老年性白内障摘除手术。结果我们观察到，在控制了年龄和吸烟等其他潜在危险因素后，叶黄素和玉米黄质摄入量较高但其他类胡萝卜素(α-胡萝卜素、β-胡萝卜素、番茄红素和β-隐黄素)或维生素A摄入量较高的男性白内障摘除风险略低。叶黄素和玉米黄质摄入量最高的五分之一的男性患白内障的风险比摄入量最低的五分之一的男性低19%(相对风险：0.81；95%CI：0.65，1.01；趋势P=0.03)。在富含类胡萝卜素的特定食物中，西兰花和菠菜与患白内障的风险最低。结论：叶黄素和玉米黄质可以降低严重到需要摘除的白内障的风险，尽管这种关系似乎不大。目前的研究结果支持了每天食用高类胡萝卜素的蔬菜和水果的建议。
BACKGROUND Dietary antioxidants, including carotenoids, are hypothesized to decrease the risk of age-related cataracts by preventing oxidation of proteins or lipids within the lens. However, prospective epidemiologic data concerning this phenomenon are limited. OBJECTIVE Our objective was to examine prospectively the association between carotenoid and vitamin A intakes and cataract extraction in men. DESIGN US male health professionals (n = 36644) who were 45-75 y of age in 1986 were included in this prospective cohort study. Others were subsequently included as they became 45 y of age. A detailed dietary questionnaire was used to assess intake of carotenoids and other nutrients. During 8 y of follow-up, 840 cases of senile cataract extraction were documented. RESULTS We observed a modestly lower risk of cataract extraction in men with higher intakes of lutein and zeaxanthin but not of other carotenoids (alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, lycopene, and beta-cryptoxanthin) or vitamin A after other potential risk factors, including age and smoking, were controlled for. Men in the highest fifth of lutein and zeaxanthin intake had a 19% lower risk of cataract relative to men in the lowest fifth (relative risk: 0.81; 95% CI: 0.65, 1.01; P for trend = 0.03). Among specific foods high in carotenoids, broccoli and spinach were most consistently associated with a lower risk of cataract. CONCLUSIONS Lutein and zeaxanthin may decrease the risk of cataracts severe enough to require extraction, although this relation appears modest in magnitude. The present findings add support for recommendations to consume vegetables and fruit high in carotenoids daily.