A Field Experiment to Test Interactive Effects of Elevated CO2 Concentration (FACE) and Elevated Canopy Temperature (FATE) on Wheat
A Field Experiment to Test Interactive Effects of Elevated CO2 Concentration (FACE) and Elevated Canopy Temperature (FATE) on Wheat
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DOI：
10.1016/j.proenv.2015.07.157
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Erbs;R. Manderscheid;A. Luig;H. Kage;H. Weigel
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文献类型：
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作者：
M. Erbs;R. Manderscheid;A. Luig;H. Kage;H. Weigel
在全球气候变化的参数中，大气CO2浓度和温度的增加是最重要的，这两者都会影响植物的生长和发育。然而，关于这些气候变化对全球粮食安全的重要性，人们对这些显著变化对作物生长的可能相互作用知之甚少。对于预期的平均气温上升以及短期高温事件(即热应激)也是如此。从以前的研究中得知，小麦在开花期和灌浆早期对30摄氏度及以上的温度特别敏感。短期高温胁迫可能通过降低籽粒结实率来降低产量。灌浆期间较高的平均温度可能通过缩短灌浆持续时间而影响产量。二氧化碳升高是否以及在多大程度上会影响作物对高温胁迫的反应仍是一个有争议的问题，特别是因为缺乏合适的实验。虽然有一些模型预测这些气候变化因素对作物的交互影响，但这些模型几乎完全依赖于非田间试验的数据。在Thünen-生物多样性研究所(德国布伦斯韦格)，首次对冬小麦进行了田间试验，其中于2013年对植株进行了冠层温度升高处理(自由空气温度浓缩=FATE)，并于2014年和2015年结合了自由空气CO2浓缩(Face，600Mol-μ-1)。温度处理包括1。)在开花期进行短期热应激处理(5或12h d-1，持续5天，最大增加至+6℃)和2。在灌浆过程中长期增加(24hd-1持续28天，平均增加至+3℃)。在这里，我们详细介绍了实验装置、系统性能以及开花期热胁迫对产量构成因素的影响等结果。
Among the parameters of global climate change the increases of the atmospheric CO2concentration and of temperature, both of which affect plant growth and development, are of prime importance. However, with respect to the importance of these climate changes for global food security little is known on the possible interactions of these prominent changes on crop growth. This is holds also true for anticipated increases in mean temperatures as well as for short-term high temperature events (i.e. heat stress). Form previous studies it is known that wheat is particularly sensitive to temperatures of 30 °C and above during the anthesis and early grain filling. Short-term heat stress may decrease yield by impairing grain set. Higher average temperatures during grain filling may influence yield by reducing grain filling duration. If and to what extend elevated CO2may affect crop responses to heat stresses remains a matter of debate, particularly because of a lack of suitable experiments. While there are a few model projections addressing the interactive impacts of these climate change elements on crops, these models nearly exclusively rely on data from non-field experiments. At the Thünen-Institute of Biodiversity (Braunschweig, Germany) for the first time field experiments with winter wheat were conducted, in which elevated canopy temperature treatments (free-air temperature enrichment = FATE) were applied to the plants in 2013 and combined with free-air CO2enrichment (FACE, 600 μmol mol-1) in 2014 and 2015. The temperature treatments comprised 1.) at anthesis a short-term heat stress treatment (5 or 12 h d-1for 5 days, maximum increase up to +6 °C) and 2.) during grain filling a long-term increase (24 h d-1for 28 days, average increase up to +3 °C). Here we present details of the experimental set-up, the system performance and among others results of heat stress effects at anthesis on yield components.