Articular Cartilage Injury and Potential Remedies.
Articular Cartilage Injury and Potential Remedies.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1097/bot.0000000000000462
复制
发表时间：
2015-12
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Borrelli J Jr
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chubinskaya S;Haudenschild D;Gasser S;Stannard J;Krettek C;Borrelli J Jr
骨关节炎影响着全世界数百万人，与关节僵硬和疼痛有关，并经常导致严重的残疾和生产力损失。骨关节炎被认为是在日常生活的正常活动过程中关节上的普通“磨损”的结果。创伤后骨关节炎是发生在关节损伤后的骨关节炎的一个特定子集。开发临床相关的动物模型将使研究人员能够描述创伤后骨关节炎的原因，并开发减缓或预防其在关节损伤后发展的方法。软骨保护剂化合物，攻击在各种步骤的退行性途径，正在努力开发，以防止创伤后骨关节炎，并提供了很大的希望。通常情况下，尽管我们尽了最大的努力，关节损伤后仍会发生软骨退化。当这种情况发生时，有几种不断发展的技术可以至少在短期内缓解创伤后骨关节炎的影响。有时，这些创伤性病变如此之大，以至于必须采取重大措施来恢复关节一致性和关节稳定性。新鲜骨软骨同种异体移植物已被用于这些设置，并提供关节保存的可能性。对于那些被忽视的移位性关节内骨折已经愈合的患者，关节内截骨技术正在发展，以恢复关节的一致性和功能。本文综述了一种新开发的创伤后骨关节炎动物模型的结果，几种有前途的软骨保护剂化合物，以及关节损伤后退行性软骨病变发展时使用的软骨技术。
Osteoarthritis affects millions of people worldwide, is associated with joint stiffness and pain, and often causes significant disability and loss of productivity. Osteoarthritis is believed to occur as a result of ordinary “wear and tear” on joints during the course of normal activities of daily living. Posttraumatic osteoarthritis is a particular subset of osteoarthritis that occurs after a joint injury. Developing clinically relevant animal models will allow investigators to delineate the causes of posttraumatic osteoarthritis and develop means to slow or prevent its development after joint injury. Chondroprotectant compounds, which attack the degenerative pathways at a variety of steps, are being developed in an effort to prevent posttraumatic osteoarthritis and offer great promise. Often times, cartilage degradation after joint injury occurs despite our best efforts. When this happens, there are several evolving techniques that offer at least short-term relief from the effects of posttraumatic osteoarthritis. Occasionally, these traumatic lesions are so large that dramatic steps must be taken in an attempt to restore articular congruity and joint stability. Fresh osteochondral allografts have been used in these settings and offer the possibility of joint preservation. For patients presenting with neglected displaced intra-articular fractures that have healed, intra-articular osteotomy techniques are being developed in an effort to restore joint congruity and function. This article reviews the results of a newly developed animal model of posttraumatic osteoarthritis, several promising chondroprotectant compounds, and also cartilage techniques that are used when degenerative cartilage lesions develop after joint injury.