Chemical Synthesis, Versatile Structures and Functions of Tailorable Adjuvants for Optimizing Oral Vaccination.
Chemical Synthesis, Versatile Structures and Functions of Tailorable Adjuvants for Optimizing Oral Vaccination.
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DOI：
10.1021/acsami.6b10470
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发表时间：
2016-12
影响因子：
9.5
通讯作者：
Lei Zhang;Chaohua Hu;Wendi Yang;Xiaolin Liu;Yunkun Wu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lei Zhang;Chaohua Hu;Wendi Yang;Xiaolin Liu;Yunkun Wu
口服疫苗因其在疾病预防和治疗中的潜在意义而成为近年来的研究热点。在基于口服疫苗的治疗剂的开发中，具有可定制结构和多功能的合成材料可以充当具有佐剂作用的抗原修饰剂，减少疫苗优化的时间成本，并提供高安全性和增强的免疫力。本文综述了口服疫苗合成佐剂的研究现状、产生具有特定结构和功能的效应物的修饰策略、增强免疫相关效率（包括保护胃肠道中抗原的屏障穿越能力）、抗原穿透粘膜和细胞屏障的协调、浓缩抗原靶向免疫相关细胞、和直接刺激免疫细胞。最后，我们专注于前瞻性的合成佐剂，促进口服疫苗的使用，通过两种方法，即体内抗原表达和癌症免疫治疗。
Oral vaccines have become a recent focus because of their potential significance in disease prevention and therapy. In the development of oral vaccine-based therapeutics, synthetic materials with tailorable structures and versatile functions can act as antigen conveyers with adjuvant effects, reduce the time cost for vaccine optimization, and provide high security and enhanced immunity. This review presents an overview of the current status of tailoring synthetic adjuvants for oral vaccination, modification strategies for producing effectors with specific structures and functions, enhancement of immune-associated efficiencies, including the barrier-crossing capability to protect antigens in the gastrointestinal tract, coordination of the antigens penetrating mucosa and cell barriers, targeting of concentrated antigens to immune-associated cells, and direct stimulation of immune cells. Finally, we focus on prospective synthetic adjuvants that facilitate the use of oral vaccines via two approaches, namely, in vivo antigen expression and cancer immunotherapy.