Environmental enrichment promotes adaptive responding during tests of behavioral regulation in male heterogeneous stock rats.
Environmental enrichment promotes adaptive responding during tests of behavioral regulation in male heterogeneous stock rats.
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环境富集促进雄性异种大鼠行为调节测试过程中的适应性反应。
DOI：
10.1101/2023.06.30.547228
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Mitchell,S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ishiwari,Keita;King,ChristopherP;Martin,ConnorD;Tripi,JordanA;George,AnthonyM;Lamparelli,AlexanderC;Chitre,Apurva;Polesskaya,Oksana;Richards,JerryB;Woods,LeahCSolberg;Gancarz,Amy;Palmer,AbrahamA;Dietz,DavidM;Mitchell,S
生物体面对环境挑战必须灵活调节自己的行为。失败可能导致一系列与一系列神经精神疾病相关的适应不良行为特征，包括注意力缺陷多动障碍、自闭症和药物滥用障碍。这种适应不良的行为失调受到遗传和环境因素的影响。例如，环境富集在此类疾病的动物模型中产生有益的神经行为效应。本研究以一大群雄性远交异种大鼠（HS）为受试者，确定了环境富集对一系列与行为调节相关的措施的影响。受试者从青春期后期开始被抚养在具有最低限度富集的标准住房中（n = 200），或者在高度富集的环境中以16为一组，该环境由一个充满玩具、跑轮和庇护所的大型多层笼子组成（n = 64）。大鼠接受了一系列测试，包括：（i）对新奇事物的运动反应，（ii）光强化，（iii）社交强化，（iv）反应时间，（v）斑块耗尽觅食测试，（vi）巴甫洛夫条件方法，（vii）条件强化和（viii）可卡因条件线索偏好。结果表明，与标准饲养的大鼠相比，生活在丰富环境中的大鼠能够更有效地过滤掉不相关的刺激，从而更有效地调节其行为。环境丰富的巨大影响表明，使用标准住房条件的行为研究可能无法推广到可能在行为学上更相关的更复杂的环境。
Organisms must regulate their behavior flexibly in the face of environmental challenges. Failure can lead to a host of maladaptive behavioral traits associated with a range of neuropsychiatric disorders, including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, autism, and substance use disorders. This maladaptive dysregulation of behavior is influenced by genetic and environmental factors. For example, environmental enrichment produces beneficial neurobehavioral effects in animal models of such disorders. The present study determined the effects of environmental enrichment on a range of measures related to behavioral regulation using a large cohort of male, outbred heterogeneous stock (HS) rats as subjects. Subjects were reared from late adolescence onwards either in pairs in standard housing with minimal enrichment (n = 200) or in groups of 16 in a highly enriched environment consisting of a large multi-level cage filled with toys, running wheels, and shelters (n = 64). Rats were subjected to a battery of tests, including: (i) locomotor response to novelty, (ii) light reinforcement, (iii) social reinforcement, (iv) reaction time, (v) a patch-depletion foraging test, (vi) Pavlovian conditioned approach, (vii) conditioned reinforcement, and (viii) cocaine conditioned cue preference. Results indicated that rats housed in the enriched environment were able to filter out irrelevant stimuli more effectively and thereby regulate their behavior more efficiently than standard-housing rats. The dramatic impact of environmental enrichment suggests that behavioral studies using standard housing conditions may not generalize to more complex environments that may be more ethologically relevant.