Promoting toddlers' positive social-emotional outcomes in low-income families: a play-based experimental study.
Promoting toddlers' positive social-emotional outcomes in low-income families: a play-based experimental study.
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DOI：
10.1080/15374416.2013.782815
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Nordling JK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kochanska G;Kim S;Boldt LJ;Nordling JK
这项关于母亲和幼儿的多方法研究(A)检验了以游戏为基础的干预(以儿童为导向的游戏与照常游戏)对儿童与其母亲的合作和社会情感能力的有效性，(B)引入了一种强有力的新的母亲参与干预措施，反映在母亲向儿童提供的以儿童为导向的游戏的剂量上，(C)检查了预测母亲参与的生态因素，以及参与对结果的影响。低收入母亲(N=186人，11%拉丁裔，27%少数民族)被随机分为面向儿童的游戏组和照常游戏组，参加8次游戏，每天与孩子一起游戏，持续10周。母亲在游戏环节中行为的微观编码评估了面向儿童的游戏传递给孩子的剂量；母亲的日记评估了日常游戏中的时间。在随机化前(前测)、游戏后(后测1)和6个月后(后测2)测量儿童在实验室观察到的与母亲控制的合作情况和母亲评定的能力。两组儿童在两种结果中都取得了显著的进步。在以儿童为导向的游戏小组中，合作的收益似乎持续得更长。这两组患者的收益都明显高于“历史社区控制”组，后者是一项不相关的纵向研究，没有任何干预措施。结构方程分析显示，已婚母亲和孩子较少的母亲提供的以儿童为导向的游戏剂量更高，这些剂量预示着孩子更好的合作和能力，早期得分的影响各不相同。每天花在游戏上的时间没有影响。以儿童为导向的游戏可能是一种有前途的、有效的、廉价的促进幼儿积极发展的手段。
This multi-method study of mothers and toddlers (a) examined the effectiveness of a play-based intervention (child-oriented play versus play-as-usual) on children’s cooperation with their mothers and socioemotional competence, (b) introduced a robust new measure of maternal engagement in the intervention, reflected in the dose of child-oriented play the mother delivered to the child, (c) examined ecological factors that predicted maternal engagement, and the effect of engagement on the outcomes. Low-income mothers (N=186, 11% Latino, 27% minority) were randomized into Child-Oriented Play group or Play-as-Usual group, and participated in 8 play sessions and played daily with their children for 10 weeks. Microscopic coding of mothers’ behavior in play sessions assessed the dose of child-oriented play delivered to children; mothers’ diaries assessed time in daily play. Children’s cooperation with maternal control, observed in the laboratory, and mother-rated competence were measured before randomization (Pretest), after play sessions (Posttest 1), and 6 months later (Posttest 2). Children in both groups made significant gains in both outcomes. The gains in cooperation appeared longer lasting in Child-Oriented Play group. Both groups made significantly greater gains than a “historical community control” group, an unrelated longitudinal study without any intervention. Structural Equation Analyses revealed that married mothers, and those with fewer children delivered higher doses of child-oriented play, and those doses predicted children’s higher cooperation and competence, with the effects of earlier scores covaried. The dose of time spent in daily play had no effect. Child-oriented play may be a promising, effective, and inexpensive means of promoting toddlers’ positive development.