A 12-year prospective study of the long-term effects of early child physical maltreatment on psychological, behavioral, and academic problems in adolescence
A 12-year prospective study of the long-term effects of early child physical maltreatment on psychological, behavioral, and academic problems in adolescence
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DOI：
10.1001/archpedi.156.8.824
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发表时间：
2002-08-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Kaplow, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lansford, JE;Dodge, KA;Kaplow, J
目的：确定儿童早期身体虐待是否对心理、行为和学业问题有长期影响，而不依赖于与虐待相关的其他特征。设计：前瞻性纵向研究，从1987年到1999年每年收集数据。环境和参与者：从正在进行的儿童发展项目中随机抽取，以社区为基础的585名儿童样本，于儿童进入幼儿园前的夏季在3个地理地点招募。79%的学生在11年级继续参加。最初的家庭访谈显示，69名儿童（11.8%）在幼儿园入学前遭受过身体虐待。主要结果测量：青少年对学校成绩、标准化考试成绩、缺勤、停学、攻击性、焦虑/抑郁等心理问题的评估、吸毒、与警察的纠纷、怀孕、逃跑、帮派成员和教育愿望。结果：与未受虐待的青少年相比，早期受虐待的青少年缺课天数超过1.5天，预期上大学的可能性更低，并且具有攻击、焦虑/抑郁、分离、创伤后应激障碍症状、社会问题、思想问题和社会退缩的水平，平均比未受虐待的青少年高出四分之三以上的SD。在控制了与虐待相关的家庭和儿童特征后，研究结果仍然成立。结论：早期身体虐待可以预测青少年的心理和行为问题，超出其他与虐待相关因素的影响。在社区人群中未被发现的早期身体虐待是一个值得预防的主要问题。
Objective: To determine whether child physical maltreatment early in life has long-term effects on psychological, behavioral, and academic problems independent of other characteristics associated with maltreatment.Design: Prospective longitudinal study with data collected annually from 1987 through 1999.Setting and Participants: Randomly selected, community-based samples of 585 children from the ongoing Child Development Project were recruited the summer before children entered kindergarten in 3 geographic sites. Seventy-nine percent continued to participate in grade 11. The initial in-home interviews revealed that 69 children (11.8%) had experienced physical maltreatment prior to kindergarten matriculation.Main Outcome Measures: Adolescent assessment of school grades, standardized test scores, absences, suspensions, aggression, anxiety/depression other psychological problems, drug use, trouble with police, pregnancy, running away, gang membership, and educational aspirations.Results: Adolescents maltreated early in life were absent from school more than 1.5 as many days, were less likely to anticipate attending college compared with nonmaltreated adolescents, and had levels of aggression, anxiety/depression, dissociation, posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms, social problems, thought problems, and social withdrawal that were on average more than three quarters of an SD higher than those of their nonmaltreated counterparts. The findings held after controlling for family and child characteristics correlated with maltreatment.Conclusions: Early physical maltreatment predicts adolescent psychological and behavioral problems, beyond the effects of other factors associated with maltreatment. Undetected early physical maltreatment in community populations represents a major problem worthy of prevention.