Advances in tuberculosis control during the past decade.
Advances in tuberculosis control during the past decade.
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在过去十年中，结核病控制的进展。
DOI：
10.1016/s2213-2600(23)00090-5
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发表时间：
2023-04
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结核病是一种可治愈的传染病，是导致死亡的主要原因，是全球人类健康的主要威胁。世卫组织估计，2021年新增结核病病例1060万例，结核病相关死亡160万例。2019冠状病毒病大流行扰乱了卫生系统，并暴露了全球结核病控制计划的普遍缺陷，逆转了2020年前全球结核病发病率来之不易的下降趋势。尽管如此，过去十年中出现了几项重大科学突破，这些突破可能会推动实现无结核病世界的目标，数学模型表明，要大幅降低结核病发病率和死亡率，就需要大规模实施多种战略。这些战略包括：有效预防结核病，以减少潜伏感染;加强病例发现和改善与结核病护理的联系，以缩短传染期;以及考虑到人口流动、对保健提供者和保健机构的信任、结核病传播力量和艾滋病毒流行情况的针对具体情况的感染控制措施。
Tuberculosis, the leading cause of death from a curable infectious disease, is a major threat to human health globally. WHO estimated that 10· 6 million new cases of tuberculosis and 1· 6 million tuberculosis-associated deaths occurred in 2021. The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted health systems and exposed prevailing deficiencies in tuberculosis-control programmes globally, reversing the hard-won reduction of global tuberculosis incidence observed until 2020. Nevertheless, the past decade has celebrated several major scientific breakthroughs that could advance the achievement of a tuberculosis-free world.Mathematical models suggest that to achieve a substantial reduction in tuberculosis incidence and mortality, widescale implementation of multiple strategies is required. These strategies include effective tuberculosis prevention to reduce latent infection; augmented case-finding and improved linkage to tuberculosis care to shorten the period of infectiousness; and context-specific infection control measures that consider population mobility, trust in health-care providers and health institutions, force of tuberculosis transmission, and prevalence of HIV.