Neuropsychology of the deficit syndrome: New data and meta-analysis of findings to date
Neuropsychology of the deficit syndrome: New data and meta-analysis of findings to date
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DOI：
10.1093/schbul/sbl066
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发表时间：
2007-09-01
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Buchanan, Robert W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cohen, Alex S.;Saperstein, Alice M.;Buchanan, Robert W.
缺陷综合征被认为是精神分裂症患者的一个病理生理学特征。支持这一观点，先前的研究检查的神经心理学相关的缺陷综合征提出了存在差异性损害的额叶和顶叶功能。本文报道了2项研究的结果，试图复制和扩展以前的报告，一个不同的神经心理障碍的缺陷型精神分裂症。在第一项研究中，我们对20名缺陷和25名非缺陷精神分裂症患者以及25名正常健康对照者进行了全面的神经心理学测试。在第二项研究中，对13项独立的研究进行了荟萃分析，研究了缺陷综合征的神经心理学。目前的两项研究都没有证据表明缺陷综合征与额叶和顶叶功能的选择性损伤有关。第一项研究没有发现缺陷与非缺陷患者的额叶或顶叶能力有显着差异。荟萃分析结果显示，缺陷患者的神经心理损害总体上比非缺陷患者更严重（效应量[ES] = 0.41）。相对于非缺陷患者，缺陷患者在嗅觉（ES = 1.11），社会认知（ES = 0.56），整体认知（ES = 0.52）和语言（ES = 0.51）测试中表现最差。与缺陷型精神分裂症相关的神经心理学损害并不遵循明显的解剖学定义的损害模式。缺陷患者是否表现出独特的认知障碍特征，这一问题需要对缺陷综合征的神经心理学进行更复杂和严格的检查。
The deficit syndrome is thought to characterize a pathophysiologically distinct subgroup ef patients with schizophrenia. Supporting this notion, prior research examining the neuropsychological correlates of the deficit syndrome has suggested the presence of a differential impairment in frontal and parietal functions. This article reports findings from 2 studies attempting to replicate and extend previous reports of a differential neuropsychological impairment in deficit schizophrenia. In the first study, we administered a comprehensive neuropsychological battery to 20 deficit and 25 nondeficit patients with schizophrenia and 25 normal healthy controls. In the second study, a meta-analysis was conducted of 13 separate studies examining the neuropsychology of the deficit syndrome. There was little evidence from either of the present studies that the deficit syndrome is associated with a selective impairment in frontal and parietal lobe functions. The first study failed to find significant differences in frontal or parietal abilities for deficit vs nondeficit patients. The meta-analytic findings revealed that deficit patients were globally more neuropsychologically impaired than nondeficit patients (effect size [ES] = 0.41). Relative to nondeficit patients, deficit patients performed poorest on tests of olfaction (ES = 1.11), social cognition (ES = 0.56), global cognition (ES = 0.52), and language (ES = 0.51). The neuropsychological impairments associated with the deficit form of schizophrenia do not follow an obvious anatomically defined pattern of impairment. The question of whether deficit patients exhibit a unique cognitive impairment profile will require a more sophisticated and rigorous examination of the neuropsychology of the deficit syndrome.