Multiple sclerosis
Multiple sclerosis
复制标题
DOI：
10.1038/s41572-018-0041-4
复制
发表时间：
2018-11-08
影响因子：
81.5
通讯作者：
Rocca, Maria A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Filippi, Massimo;Bar-Or, Amit;Rocca, Maria A.
多发性硬化症（MS）是青年人中最常见的中枢神经系统慢性炎症、脱髓鞘和神经退行性疾病。这种疾病是一种异质性、多因素、免疫介导的疾病，受遗传和环境因素的影响。在大多数患者中，持续数天或数周的可逆性神经功能障碍发作是疾病初始阶段的特征（即临床孤立综合征和复发缓解型MS）。随着时间的推移，不可逆转的临床和认知缺陷发展。少数患者从发病开始就有进行性病程。MS的病理标志是在脑和脊髓中形成脱髓鞘病变，其可与神经轴突损伤相关。局灶性病变被认为是由免疫细胞（包括T细胞、B细胞和髓样细胞）浸润到中枢神经系统实质中引起的，伴有相关损伤。MS与社会的巨大负担有关，因为可用治疗的成本高，患者及其护理人员的就业前景和工作保留较差。
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common chronic inflammatory, demyelinating and neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system in young adults. This disorder is a heterogeneous, multifactorial, immune-mediated disease that is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. In most patients, reversible episodes of neurological dysfunction lasting several days or weeks characterize the initial stages of the disease (that is, clinically isolated syndrome and relapsing-remitting MS). Over time, irreversible clinical and cognitive deficits develop. A minority of patients have a progressive disease course from the onset. The pathological hallmark of MS is the formation of demyelinating lesions in the brain and spinal cord, which can be associated with neuro-axonal damage. Focal lesions are thought to be caused by the infiltration of immune cells, including T cells, B cells and myeloid cells, into the central nervous system parenchyma, with associated injury. MS is associated with a substantial burden on society owing to the high cost of the available treatments and poorer employment prospects and job retention for patients and their caregivers.