Pigment Cell Mechanisms Underlying Dorsal Color-Pattern Polymorphism in the Japanese Four-Lined Snake
Pigment Cell Mechanisms Underlying Dorsal Color-Pattern Polymorphism in the Japanese Four-Lined Snake
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DOI：
10.1002/jmor.20182
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发表时间：
2013-12-01
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Hasegawa, Masami
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kuriyama, Takeo;Misawa, Hanae;Hasegawa, Masami
为了提供组织学基础，研究颜色图案多态性的遗传机制，我们研究了光反射谱和细胞结构的色素细胞，产生条纹，非条纹，和黑色素的颜色图案的蛇锦蛇quadrivirgata。条纹和nonstripped变形，拥有相同的一套表皮黑色素细胞和三种类型的真皮色素细胞（黄色xanthophores，虹彩iridophores，和黑色黑色素细胞），但空间的变化，表皮和真皮黑色素细胞的密度产生个体差异条纹鲜艳度。黑色素细胞的密度在深棕色条纹区域比在黄色背景中的条纹形态高两到三倍。然而，表皮和真皮之间的条纹和背景区域的黑色素细胞的密度是相似的nonstripped形态。黑素变体只有表皮和真皮黑素细胞，既没有xanthophores也没有虹膜细胞被检测到。一些黑化变体脱落皮肤中的鬼条纹表明条纹图案的形成和黑化是独立控制的。我们提出了完全和不完全显性遗传模型的条纹黑变和条纹，浅条纹，和nonstripped多态性，分别根据不同的色素细胞组成及其空间结构。J. Morphol. 274：1353-1364，2013. (c)2013 Wiley Periodicals，Inc.
To provide histological foundation for studying the genetic mechanisms of color-pattern polymorphisms, we examined light reflectance profiles and cellular architectures of pigment cells that produced striped, nonstriped, and melanistic color patterns in the snake Elaphe quadrivirgata. Both, striped and nonstriped morphs, possessed the same set of epidermal melanophores and three types of dermal pigment cells (yellow xanthophores, iridescent iridophores, and black melanophores), but spatial variations in the densities of epidermal and dermal melanophores produced individual variations in stripe vividness. The densities of epidermal and dermal melanophores were two or three times higher in the dark-brown-stripe region than in the yellow background in the striped morph. However, the densities of epidermal and dermal melanophores between the striped and background regions were similar in the nonstriped morph. The melanistic morph had only epidermal and dermal melanophores and neither xanthophores nor iridophores were detected. Ghost stripes in the shed skin of some melanistic morphs suggested that stripe pattern formation and melanism were controlled independently. We proposed complete- and incomplete-dominance heredity models for the stripe-melanistic variation and striped, pale-striped, and nonstriped polymorphisms, respectively, according to the differences in pigment-cell composition and its spatial architecture. J. Morphol. 274:1353-1364, 2013. (c) 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.