Legibility and the Legacy of Racialized Dispossession in Digital Agriculture
Legibility and the Legacy of Racialized Dispossession in Digital Agriculture
复制标题
数字农业中种族化剥夺的易读性和遗产
DOI：
10.1145/3479867
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Sengers, Phoebe
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liu, Jen;Sengers, Phoebe
本文探讨了易读性作为美国数字农业(DA)系统设计中的组织原则的原因和后果。易读性指的是使用对情况的简化理解来控制和指导对其采取行动的治理系统。数字农业系统的易读性是两个易读传统的交汇之处：数字系统设计中常见的数据驱动模式，以及自殖民地成立以来在美国发展起来的控制自然和劳动力的策略。我们的论点来自(1)对现在的美国农业技术和种族主义土地剥夺的更广泛模式的历史分析，以及(2)对纽约州农村地区采用和维护数字农业系统的实证田野调查。我们描述了易读性在历史上在美国农业系统发展中扮演的角色，以及它们对谁能够耕种以及如何耕种的后果。这段历史提出了这样的问题：什么东西对谁来说是易懂的？在这个过程中，什么会变得难以辨认？虽然易读性承诺了透明和对环境有利的控制，但在我们的实地工作中，我们发现对易读性的要求也在重组物理景观，创造更多看不见的劳动力，生产对农场现实世界条件脆弱的系统，并创造不透明的系统，阻止人们适应他们的环境。通过阅读我们的田野调查和历史案例，我们展示了正在塑造农业技术易读性的利害关系、主体和客体的压力。随着越来越多的数据驱动系统用于环境环境，CSCW社区需要扩展其方式，以了解数据驱动系统如何影响土地、劳动力和资源。
This paper examines the causes and consequences of legibility as an organizing principle in the design of digital agriculture (DA) systems in the United States. Legibility refers to systems of governance that use simplified understandings of a situation to control and direct action upon it. Legibility in digital agriculture systems occurs at the confluence of two traditions of legibility: the data-driven model common in the design of digital systems, and tactics for the control of nature and labor that have developed in the United States since the foundation of the colonies. Our argument draws from (1) a historical analysis of broader patterns of agricultural technology and racialized land dispossession in what is now the United States and (2) empirical fieldwork that examines the adoption and maintenance of digital agriculture systems in rural New York State. We describe the role that legibility historically has played in the development of agricultural systems in the US, and their consequences for who is able to farm and how. This history raises the questions: What is made legible to whom? In that process, what becomes illegible? While legibility promises transparent and environmentally beneficial control, in our fieldwork we find that the demands of legibility are also restructuring the physical landscape, creating additional invisible labor, producing systems that are brittle to real-world conditions on farms, and creating opaque systems that block people from adapting to their circumstances. In reading our fieldwork together with the historical case, we demonstrate the pressures that are shaping the stakes, subject, and objects of legibility in agricultural technology. As more data-driven systems are used for environmental contexts, the CSCW community needs to extend its ways to understand how data-driven systems impact land, labor, and resources.
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DOI：
10.1177/0263775820922233
发表时间：
2020
期刊：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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DOI：
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通讯作者：
Katsuo Inoue
奴隶制的核算：硕士与管理
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2019
期刊：
Civil War Book Review
影响因子：
--
作者：
Tom Barber
通讯作者：
Tom Barber
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Carbonell, Isabelle M.
通讯作者：
Carbonell, Isabelle M.