Active Precipitation of Radiation Belt Electrons Using Rocket Exhaust Driven Amplification (REDA) of Man-Made Whistlers.
Active Precipitation of Radiation Belt Electrons Using Rocket Exhaust Driven Amplification (REDA) of Man-Made Whistlers.
复制标题
使用火箭排气驱动的放大（REDA）的辐射带电子的主动沉淀。
DOI：
10.1029/2022ja030358
复制
发表时间：
2022-06
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Meredith, N. P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bernhardt, P. A.;Hua, M.;Bortnik, J.;Ma, Q.;Verronen, P. T.;McCarthy, M. P.;Hampton, D. L.;Golkowski, M.;Cohen, M. B.;Richardson, D. K.;Howarth, A. D.;James, H. G.;Meredith, N. P.
位于世界各地的地基甚低频（VLF）发射机产生的信号以哨声模式波的形式通过电离层底部泄漏。卫星上的波和粒子测量观察到，这些人造VLF波可以强大到足以将捕获的高能电子散射到低俯仰角轨道，从而在低层大气中吸收造成损失。这种降水损失过程大大增强了故意放大哨声波使用一个新发现的过程称为火箭排气驱动放大（REDA）。REDA的卫星测量显示，使用为国际空间站服务的天鹅座卫星上的150 g/s推进器燃烧60 s，空间中的VLF波增强了30至50 dB。这种受控的放大过程足以在几分钟内耗尽受影响的场线上的高能粒子群，而不是自然地需要几天的时间。辐射带粒子的俯仰角扩散的数值模拟使用UCLA准线性Fokker Planck模型来评估REDA对新注入的高能电子的辐射带修复的影响。模拟的高能电子降水通量被应用于D区电子密度和韧致辐射X射线模型，用于预测卫星和地面传感器可以观察到的改良环境。火箭排气驱动放大（REDA）产生最强的哨声振幅，从地面甚低频（VLF）发射机在太空中测量REDA增强哨声可以在几分钟内而不是几天内迅速将辐射带电子散射到损失锥中REDA诱导的电子损失到大气中的影响包括增强的X射线，气辉，VLF传播变化和无线电吸收
Ground‐based very low frequency (VLF) transmitters located around the world generate signals that leak through the bottom side of the ionosphere in the form of whistler mode waves. Wave and particle measurements on satellites have observed that these man‐made VLF waves can be strong enough to scatter trapped energetic electrons into low pitch angle orbits, causing loss by absorption in the lower atmosphere. This precipitation loss process is greatly enhanced by intentional amplification of the whistler waves using a newly discovered process called rocket exhaust driven amplification (REDA). Satellite measurements of REDA have shown between 30 and 50 dB intensification of VLF waves in space using a 60 s burn of the 150 g/s thruster on the Cygnus satellite that services the International Space Station. This controlled amplification process is adequate to deplete the energetic particle population on the affected field lines in a few minutes rather than the multi‐day period it would take naturally. Numerical simulations of the pitch angle diffusion for radiation belt particles use the UCLA quasi‐linear Fokker Planck model to assess the impact of REDA on radiation belt remediation of newly injected energetic electrons. The simulated precipitation fluxes of energetic electrons are applied to models of D‐region electron density and bremsstrahlung X‐rays for predictions of the modified environment that can be observed with satellite and ground‐based sensors. Rocket exhaust driven amplification (REDA) produces the strongest whistler amplitudes measured in space from ground‐based very low frequency (VLF) transmitters REDA intensified whistlers can rapidly scatter radiation belt electrons into the loss cone in minutes rather than days Effects of REDA induced electron losses to the atmosphere include enhanced X‐rays, airglow, VLF propagation changes, and radio absorption