Known Unknowns: An Analysis of Twitter Censorship in Turkey
Known Unknowns: An Analysis of Twitter Censorship in Turkey
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已知的未知数：土耳其 Twitter 审查制度分析
DOI：
10.1145/2808138.2808147
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
D. Subramanian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rima S. Tanash;Zhouhan Chen;Tanmay Thakur;D. Wallach;D. Subramanian
Twitter在世界各地广泛使用，它有一个标准界面，供政府机构要求审查个人推文甚至整个账户。Twitter则在其透明度报告中披露有关审查的国别统计数据，并向寒蝉效应网站报告具体的审查事件。Twitter认为土耳其是发布审查请求最多的国家，因此我们将注意力集中在那里。从2014年底到2015年初，我们收集了超过2000万条土耳其推文，发现了超过25万条被审查的推文-比Twitter本身报告的数量大两个数量级。我们应用了标准的机器学习/聚类技术，发现大量被审查的推文包含政治内容，通常是对土耳其政府的批评。我们的工作表明，Twitter对土耳其境内的审查推文报道严重不足，这增加了类似趋势也适用于其他国家的审查推文的可能性。我们还讨论了绕过Twitter审查机制的相对容易性，尽管我们无法轻松衡量有多少用户采取了这些措施。
Twitter, widely used around the world, has a standard interface for government agencies to request that individual tweets or even whole accounts be censored. Twitter, in turn, discloses country-by-country statistics about this censorship in its transparency reports as well as reporting specific incidents of censorship to the Chilling Effects web site. Twitter identifies Turkey as the country issuing the largest number of censorship requests, so we focused our attention there. Collecting over 20 million Turkish tweets from late 2014 to early 2015, we discovered over a quarter million censored tweets - two orders of magnitude larger than what Twitter itself reports. We applied standard machine learning / clustering techniques, and found the vast bulk of censored tweets contained political content, often critical of the Turkish government. Our work establishes that Twitter radically under-reports censored tweets in Turkey, raising the possibility that similar trends hold for censored tweets from other countries as well. We also discuss the relative ease of working around Twitter's censorship mechanisms, although we can not easily measure how many users take such steps.
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2014-12
期刊：
ArXiv
影响因子：
--
作者：
Sheharbano Khattak;Laurent Simon;S. Murdoch
通讯作者：
Sheharbano Khattak;Laurent Simon;S. Murdoch