Plant species identity and diversity effects on different trophic levels of nematodes in the soil food web
Plant species identity and diversity effects on different trophic levels of nematodes in the soil food web
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DOI：
10.1111/j.0030-1299.2004.13265.x
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发表时间：
2004-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
van der Putten, WH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
De Deyn, GB;Raaijmakers, CE;van der Putten, WH
以往关于生物多样性和土壤食物网组成的研究提到，植物物种特性以及植物物种多样性是影响土壤生物丰度和多样性的主要因素。然而，大多数研究都是在时间、空间或适当控制的限制下进行的。为了进一步研究植物物种多样性和土壤食物网之间的关系，我们进行了为期三年的半田间试验，其中8种植物（4种杂类和4种草）种植在单一栽培和混合的两个，四个和八个植物物种。此外，还有16种植物组成的群落。分析了土壤和根系中线虫的丰度和同一性，包括土壤食物网中不同营养级（初级消费者、次级消费者、肉食性动物和杂食性动物）的取食类群，植物物种多样性和植物同一性影响线虫的多样性。植物多样性的作用主要表现为组成植物种间资源质量的互补性，而不是总资源量的增加。线虫多样性在不同植物物种之间的差异要大于不同植物物种多样性水平之间的差异，因此植物同一性比植物多样性更重要。然而，植物混合物中的线虫多样性高于任何植物单一栽培，由于最丰富的线虫类群在混合植物群落中的优势减少。植物物种的身份影响的丰度较低的营养消费者的水平比较高的营养级的线虫。植物物种多样性和植物生物量不影响线虫丰度。我们的研究结果，因此，支持的假设，资源质量比资源数量更重要的土壤食物网成分的多样性和植物物种的身份比植物多样性本身更重要。
Previous studies on biodiversity and soil food web composition have mentioned plant species identity, as well as plant species diversity as the main factors affecting the abundance and diversity of soil organisms. However, most studies have been carried out under limitations of time, space, or appropriate controls. In order to further examine the relation between plant species diversity and the soil food web, we conducted a three-year semi-field experiment in which eight plant species (4 forb and 4 grass species) were grown in monocultures and mixtures of two, four and eight plant species. In addition there were communities with 16 plant species. We analyzed the abundance and identity of the nematodes in soil and roots, including feeding groups from various trophic levels (primary and secondary consumers, carnivores, and omnivores) in the soil food web.Plant species diversity and plant identity affected the diversity of nematodes. The effect of plant diversity was attributed to the complementarity in resource quality of the component plant species rather than to an increase in total resource quantity. The nematode diversity varied more between the different plant species than between different levels of plant species diversity, so that plant identity is more important than plant diversity. Nevertheless the nematode diversity in plant mixtures was higher than in any of the plant monocultures, due to the reduced dominance of the most abundant nematode taxa in the mixed plant communities. Plant species identity affected the abundances of the lower trophic consumer levels more than the higher trophic levels of nematodes. Plant species diversity and plant biomass did not affect nematode abundance. Our results, therefore, support the hypothesis that resource quality is more important than resource quantity for the diversity of soil food web components and that plant species identity is more important than plant diversity per se.