Chemotactic Host-Finding Strategies of Plant Endoparasites and Endophytes
Chemotactic Host-Finding Strategies of Plant Endoparasites and Endophytes
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DOI：
10.3389/fpls.2020.01167
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发表时间：
2020-07
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
A. Tsai;Morihiro Oota;S. Sawa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Tsai;Morihiro Oota;S. Sawa
植物在其发育的所有阶段和大多数器官中与环境中的微生物相互作用。这些相互作用对植物可能是有益的，也可能是有害的，可能是暂时的，也可能是长期的。在极端情况下，微生物变成内生或内生，并永久地驻留在植物中，而宿主植物经历发育重新编程，并产生新的组织或器官作为对入侵的反应。感染后在细胞和分子水平上发生的事件已被广泛描述，然而这些微生物如何通过趋化作用定位它们的植物宿主的机制在很大程度上仍不清楚。在这篇综述中，我们总结了最近关于调节内寄生/内生细菌、真菌和线虫趋化性的信号分子的研究结果。特别是，我们将专注于植物分泌的分子，这些分子最有可能作为微生物的指导信号。这些化合物存在于广泛的植物物种中，并显示出各种次要作用。有趣的是，根据入侵生物的种类不同，这些化合物显示出不同的吸引力，这表明在土壤中感知的线索可能比预期的更复杂。然而，这些引诱剂的同源受体是什么，以及这些引诱剂如何影响这些生物的机制，仍然是重要的悬而未决的问题。寄主打靶标志着植物-微生物相互作用的第一步，因此了解参与这一步骤的信号分子对于从整体上理解这些相互作用起着关键作用。
Plants interact with microorganisms in the environment during all stages of their development and in most of their organs. These interactions can be either beneficial or detrimental for the plant and may be transient or long-term. In extreme cases, microorganisms become endoparastic or endophytic and permanently reside within a plant, while the host plant undergoes developmental reprogramming and produces new tissues or organs as a response to the invasion. Events at the cellular and molecular level following infection have been extensively described, however the mechanisms of how these microorganisms locate their plant hosts via chemotaxis remain largely unknown. In this review, we summarize recent findings concerning the signalling molecules that regulate chemotaxis of endoparasitic/endophytic bacteria, fungi, and nematodes. In particular, we will focus on the molecules secreted by plants that are most likely to act as guidance cues for microorganisms. These compounds are found in a wide range of plant species and show a variety of secondary effects. Interestingly, these compounds show different attraction potencies depending on the species of the invading organism, suggesting that cues perceived in the soil may be more complex than anticipated. However, what the cognate receptors are for these attractants, as well as the mechanism of how these attractants influence these organisms, remain important outstanding questions. Host-targeting marks the first step of plant—microorganism interactions, therefore understanding the signalling molecules involved in this step plays a key role in understanding these interactions as a whole.